Abstract：
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have rapidly gained popularity as alternatives to traditional combustible cigarettes. However, their long-term health impact remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to e-cigarette aerosol (ECA) in mice compared to conventional cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. The mice were exposed to air (control), low, medium, or high doses of ECA, or a reference CS dose orally and nasally for eight months. Various cardiovascular and pulmonary assessments have been conducted to determine the biological and prosthetic effects. Histopathological analysis was used to determine structural changes in the heart and lungs. Biological markers associated with fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were investigated. Cardiac proteomic analysis was applied to reveal the shared and unique protein expression changes in ECA and CS groups, which related to processes such as immune activation, lipid metabolism, and intracellular transport. Overall, chronic exposure to ECA led to adverse cardiovascular and pulmonary effects in mice, although they were less pronounced than those of CS exposure. This study provides evidence that e-cigarettes may be less harmful than combustible cigarettes for the long-term health of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in mice. However, further human studies are needed to clarify the long-term health risks associated with e-cigarette use.
摘要：
电子香烟(电子香烟)作为传统可燃香烟的替代品已经迅速普及。然而,他们的长期健康影响仍然不确定。这项研究旨在研究与常规香烟烟雾（CS）暴露相比，长期暴露于小鼠电子烟气溶胶（ECA）的影响。将小鼠暴露于空气中（对照），低,中等,或者高剂量的ECA，或口服和鼻用参考CS剂量八个月。已经进行了各种心血管和肺评估以确定生物学和假体效果。组织病理学分析用于确定心脏和肺的结构变化。与纤维化相关的生物学标志物，炎症,和氧化应激进行了研究。心脏蛋白质组学分析用于揭示ECA和CS组中共有和独特的蛋白质表达变化。这与免疫激活等过程有关，脂质代谢，和细胞内运输。总的来说,慢性暴露于ECA导致小鼠的不良心血管和肺部影响，尽管它们不如CS暴露明显。这项研究提供了证据，表明电子香烟对小鼠心血管和呼吸系统的长期健康可能比可燃香烟危害小。然而,需要进一步的人体研究来澄清与使用电子烟相关的长期健康风险。
