Abstract：
Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is one of the drugs commonly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, its neurological side effects, particularly on cognition, are not fully understood. The present study focused on memory in rats treated with four weeks of LDX injection. We compared LDX-treated rats with control ones, using several methods to evaluate the behavioral responses and electrophysiological, molecular, and histological properties in the hippocampus. Our findings demonstrated that subchronic administration of LDX impaired behavioral performance in all memory assessment tests (Y maze, Morris Water Maze, and Shuttle box). Although LDX did not alter population spike (PS) amplitude, it increased the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) slope of evoked potentials of LTP components. Also, in addition to an increase in expression of caspase-3 in the hippocampus, which indicates the susceptibility to apoptosis in LDX-treated rats, the number of microglia and astrocytes went up significantly in the LDX group. Moreover, Sholl\'s analysis showed an increase in the soma size and total process length in both hippocampal astrocytes and microglia. Overall, because of these destructive effects of LDX on the hippocampus, which is one of the critical memory-related areas of the brain, the findings of this investigation provide evidence to show the disruption of memory-related variables following the LDX. However, more research is needed to clarify it.
摘要：
Lisdexamfetamine（LDX）是治疗注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的常用药物之一。然而,它的神经副作用，特别是在认知方面，没有完全理解。本研究集中在用LDX注射四周治疗的大鼠的记忆。我们将LDX处理的大鼠与对照大鼠进行了比较，使用几种方法来评估行为反应和电生理，分子，和海马的组织学特性。我们的发现表明，在所有记忆评估测试中，亚慢性施用LDX会损害行为表现（Y迷宫，莫里斯水迷宫，和穿梭箱)。尽管LDX没有改变种群峰值(PS)振幅，它增加了LTP成分诱发电位的场兴奋性突触后电位（fEPSP）斜率。此外，除了海马中caspase-3的表达增加，这表明LDX处理的大鼠对细胞凋亡的易感性，LDX组的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞数量显著增加.此外，Sholl的分析显示，海马星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的体细胞大小和总长度增加。总的来说,由于LDX对海马体的破坏性影响，这是大脑中与记忆相关的关键区域之一，这项调查的结果提供了证据,表明LDX后记忆相关变量的破坏.然而,需要更多的研究来澄清这一点。
