Abstract：
To evaluate the three-dimensional (3D) stability and accuracy of additively manufactured surgical templates fabricated using two different 3D printers and materials.
Forty surgical templates were designed and printed using two different 3D printers: the resin group (n = 20) used a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer with photopolymer resin, and the metal group (n = 20) employed a selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printer with titanium alloy. All surgical templates were scanned immediately after production and re-digitalized after one month of storage. Similarly, the implant simulations were performed twice. Three-dimensional congruency between the original design and the manufactured surgical templates was quantified using the root mean square (RMS), and the definitive and planned implant positions were determined and compared.
At the postproduction stage, the metal templates exhibited higher accuracy than the resin templates (p < 0.001), and these differences persisted after one month of storage (p < 0.001). The resin templates demonstrated a significant decrease in three-dimensional stability after one month of storage (p < 0.001), whereas the metal templates were not affected (p > 0.05). No significant differences in implant accuracy were found between the two groups. However, the resin templates showed a significant increase in apical and angular deviations after one month of storage (p < 0.001), whereas the metal templates were not affected (p > 0.05).
Printed metal templates showed higher fabrication accuracy than printed resin templates. The three-dimensional stability and implant accuracy of printed metal templates remained unaffected by one month of storage.
With superior three-dimensional stability and acceptable implant accuracy, printed metal templates can be considered a viable alternative technique for guided surgery.
Forty surgical templates were designed and printed using two different 3D printers: the resin group (n = 20) used a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer with photopolymer resin, and the metal group (n = 20) employed a selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printer with titanium alloy. All surgical templates were scanned immediately after production and re-digitalized after one month of storage. Similarly, the implant simulations were performed twice. Three-dimensional congruency between the original design and the manufactured surgical templates was quantified using the root mean square (RMS), and the definitive and planned implant positions were determined and compared.
At the postproduction stage, the metal templates exhibited higher accuracy than the resin templates (p < 0.001), and these differences persisted after one month of storage (p < 0.001). The resin templates demonstrated a significant decrease in three-dimensional stability after one month of storage (p < 0.001), whereas the metal templates were not affected (p > 0.05). No significant differences in implant accuracy were found between the two groups. However, the resin templates showed a significant increase in apical and angular deviations after one month of storage (p < 0.001), whereas the metal templates were not affected (p > 0.05).
Printed metal templates showed higher fabrication accuracy than printed resin templates. The three-dimensional stability and implant accuracy of printed metal templates remained unaffected by one month of storage.
With superior three-dimensional stability and acceptable implant accuracy, printed metal templates can be considered a viable alternative technique for guided surgery.
摘要：
目的：评估使用两种不同的3D打印机和材料制造的增材制造手术模板的三维（3D）稳定性和准确性。
方法：使用两种不同的3D打印机设计和打印了40种手术模板：树脂组（n=20）使用带有光敏树脂的数字光处理（DLP）3D打印机，和金属组（n=20）采用钛合金的选择性激光熔化（SLM）3D打印机。所有手术模板在生产后立即扫描并在储存一个月后重新数字化。同样，植入物模拟进行了两次。使用均方根（RMS）量化原始设计和制造的手术模板之间的三维一致性，确定和计划的植入位置并进行比较.
结果：在后期制作阶段，金属模板显示出比树脂模板更高的精度（p<0.001），这些差异在储存一个月后仍然存在(p<0.001)。树脂模板在储存一个月后显示出三维稳定性的显著下降(p<0.001),而金属模板不受影响(p>0.05)。两组之间的植入物准确性没有显着差异。然而,树脂模板在储存一个月后显示出顶端和角度偏差的显着增加（p<0.001），而金属模板不受影响(p>0.05)。
结论：印刷金属模板显示出比印刷树脂模板更高的制造精度。印刷金属模板的三维稳定性和植入精度不受储存一个月的影响。
结论：具有优越的三维稳定性和可接受的植入物精度，印刷金属模板可以被认为是引导手术的可行替代技术。
方法：使用两种不同的3D打印机设计和打印了40种手术模板：树脂组（n=20）使用带有光敏树脂的数字光处理（DLP）3D打印机，和金属组（n=20）采用钛合金的选择性激光熔化（SLM）3D打印机。所有手术模板在生产后立即扫描并在储存一个月后重新数字化。同样，植入物模拟进行了两次。使用均方根（RMS）量化原始设计和制造的手术模板之间的三维一致性，确定和计划的植入位置并进行比较.
结果：在后期制作阶段，金属模板显示出比树脂模板更高的精度（p<0.001），这些差异在储存一个月后仍然存在(p<0.001)。树脂模板在储存一个月后显示出三维稳定性的显著下降(p<0.001),而金属模板不受影响(p>0.05)。两组之间的植入物准确性没有显着差异。然而,树脂模板在储存一个月后显示出顶端和角度偏差的显着增加（p<0.001），而金属模板不受影响(p>0.05)。
结论：印刷金属模板显示出比印刷树脂模板更高的制造精度。印刷金属模板的三维稳定性和植入精度不受储存一个月的影响。
结论：具有优越的三维稳定性和可接受的植入物精度，印刷金属模板可以被认为是引导手术的可行替代技术。
