Abstract：
Bunodosoma zamponii is the most abundant anemone in Mar del Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Given that the presence of persistent organic pollutants (organochlorine pesticides and PCBs) and the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos has recently been reported in this species, two wild populations living under different anthropogenic pressures were studied and compared regarding basic aspects of their ecology and physiological response to oxidative stress. A population from an impacted site (Las Delicias, LD) and another from a reference site (Punta Cantera, PC) were monitored seasonally (spring, summer, autumn, and winter), for one year. Anemones from PC were larger and more abundant than those from LD for most sampling periods. During winter, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase activities were higher in LD. Moreover, protein content and antioxidant defenses were higher in anemones from PC during winter as well. Taking into account their ecology (size and abundance) and biomarker responses, the population from PC was comparatively healthier. Furthermore, such differences are in agreement with recent studies indicating a higher concentration of pollutants in anemones from LD (specially during the winter sampling). In this sense, considering that B. zamponii can bioaccumulate the aforementioned pollutants, its resilience to their presence, and the fact that biomarker response differed between sites, this species can be regarded as a proper sentinel species of environmental pollution. Overall, this anemone seems to be a good bioindicator to be considered in future biomonitoring and ecotoxicological studies.
摘要：
Bunodosomazamponii是马德普拉塔最丰富的海葵（布宜诺斯艾利斯，阿根廷)。鉴于最近在该物种中存在持久性有机污染物（有机氯农药和多氯联苯）和有机磷酸酯农药毒死蜱，研究了生活在不同人为压力下的两个野生种群，并比较了它们对氧化应激的生态学和生理反应的基本方面。来自受影响地点的人口(LasDelicias，LD)和另一个来自参考地点(蓬塔坎特拉，PC)进行季节性监测(春季，夏天,秋天,和冬天)，一年。在大多数采样期间，PC的海葵比LD的海葵更大，更丰富。在冬季,LD中的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和过氧化氢酶活性较高。此外，冬季PC海葵的蛋白质含量和抗氧化防御能力也较高。考虑到它们的生态学（大小和丰度）和生物标志物反应，来自PC的人口相对更健康。此外，这种差异与最近的研究一致，该研究表明LD的海葵中污染物的浓度较高（特别是在冬季采样期间）。在这个意义上,考虑到B.zamponii可以生物积累上述污染物，它对他们存在的韧性，事实上，生物标志物的反应在不同的位点之间是不同的，该物种可以被视为环境污染的适当前哨物种。总的来说,这种海葵似乎是一种很好的生物指示剂，在未来的生物监测和生态毒理学研究中值得考虑。
