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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Behaviour change interventions influence behaviour through causal processes called \"mechanisms of action\" (MoAs). Reports of such interventions and their evaluations often use inconsistent or ambiguous terminology, creating problems for searching, evidence synthesis and theory development. This inconsistency includes the reporting of MoAs. An ontology can help address these challenges by serving as a classification system that labels and defines MoAs and their relationships. The aim of this study was to develop an ontology of MoAs of behaviour change interventions.
UNASSIGNED: To develop the MoA Ontology, we (1) defined the ontology\'s scope; (2) identified, labelled and defined the ontology\'s entities; (3) refined the ontology by annotating (i.e., coding) MoAs in intervention reports; (4) refined the ontology via stakeholder review of the ontology\'s comprehensiveness and clarity; (5) tested whether researchers could reliably apply the ontology to annotate MoAs in intervention evaluation reports; (6) refined the relationships between entities; (7) reviewed the alignment of the MoA Ontology with other relevant ontologies, (8) reviewed the ontology\'s alignment with the Theories and Techniques Tool; and (9) published a machine-readable version of the ontology.
UNASSIGNED: An MoA was defined as \"a process that is causally active in the relationship between a behaviour change intervention scenario and its outcome behaviour\". We created an initial MoA Ontology with 261 entities through Steps 2-5. Inter-rater reliability for annotating study reports using these entities was α=0.68 (\"acceptable\") for researchers familiar with the ontology and α=0.47 for researchers unfamiliar with it. As a result of additional revisions (Steps 6-8), 23 further entities were added to the ontology resulting in 284 entities organised in seven hierarchical levels.
UNASSIGNED: The MoA Ontology extensively captures MoAs of behaviour change interventions. The ontology can serve as a controlled vocabulary for MoAs to consistently describe and synthesise evidence about MoAs across diverse sources.
UNASSIGNED: To develop the MoA Ontology, we (1) defined the ontology\'s scope; (2) identified, labelled and defined the ontology\'s entities; (3) refined the ontology by annotating (i.e., coding) MoAs in intervention reports; (4) refined the ontology via stakeholder review of the ontology\'s comprehensiveness and clarity; (5) tested whether researchers could reliably apply the ontology to annotate MoAs in intervention evaluation reports; (6) refined the relationships between entities; (7) reviewed the alignment of the MoA Ontology with other relevant ontologies, (8) reviewed the ontology\'s alignment with the Theories and Techniques Tool; and (9) published a machine-readable version of the ontology.
UNASSIGNED: An MoA was defined as \"a process that is causally active in the relationship between a behaviour change intervention scenario and its outcome behaviour\". We created an initial MoA Ontology with 261 entities through Steps 2-5. Inter-rater reliability for annotating study reports using these entities was α=0.68 (\"acceptable\") for researchers familiar with the ontology and α=0.47 for researchers unfamiliar with it. As a result of additional revisions (Steps 6-8), 23 further entities were added to the ontology resulting in 284 entities organised in seven hierarchical levels.
UNASSIGNED: The MoA Ontology extensively captures MoAs of behaviour change interventions. The ontology can serve as a controlled vocabulary for MoAs to consistently describe and synthesise evidence about MoAs across diverse sources.
摘要：
背景：行为改变干预通过称为“行动机制”（MoAs）的因果过程影响行为。此类干预措施及其评估的报告往往使用不一致或模棱两可的术语,制造搜索问题，证据综合和理论发展。这种不一致包括MoAs的报告。本体可以通过充当标记和定义MoA及其关系的分类系统来帮助解决这些挑战。这项研究的目的是发展行为改变干预措施的MoAs本体论。方法:建立MoA本体论,我们(1)定义了本体的范围；(2)确定，标记和定义本体的实体；(3)通过注释(即，编码）干预报告中的MoAs；（4）通过利益相关者审查本体的全面性和清晰度来完善本体；（5）测试研究人员是否可以可靠地应用本体在干预评估报告中注释MoAs；（6）完善实体之间的关系；（7）审查了MoA本体与其他相关本体的一致性，（8）审查了本体与理论和技术工具的一致性；（9）发布了本体的机器可读版本。结果：MoA被定义为“在行为改变干预情景与其结果行为之间的关系中具有因果关系的过程”。我们通过步骤2-5创建了具有261个实体的初始MoA本体。使用这些实体注释研究报告的评估者间可靠性对于熟悉本体论的研究人员为α=0.68（“可接受”），对于不熟悉本体论的研究人员为α=0.47。作为额外修订的结果（步骤6-8），21个另外的实体被添加到本体,导致282个实体被组织在七个层级中。结论：MoA本体论广泛捕获了行为改变干预措施的MoA。本体可以作为MoAs的受控词汇，以一致地描述和综合各种来源的MoAs证据。
