PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The essential oils and aroma derived from the leaves (L), stems (St), and spikes (s) of Piper nigrum L. cv. Guajarina were extracted; the essential oils were extracted using hydrodistillation (HD), and steam distillation (SD), and the aroma was obtained by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). Chemical constituents were identified and quantified using GC/MS and GC-FID. Preliminary biological activity was assessed by determining the toxicity against Artemia salina Leach larvae, calculating mortality rates, and determining lethal concentration values (LC50). The predominant compounds in essential oil samples included α-pinene (0-5.6%), β-pinene (0-22.7%), limonene (0-19.3%), 35 linalool (0-5.3%), δ-elemene (0-10.1%), β-caryophyllene (0.5-21.9%), γ-elemene (7.5-33.9%), and curzerene (6.9-31.7%). Multivariate analysis, employing principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), revealed three groups among the identified classes and two groups among individual compounds. The highest antioxidant activity was found for essential oils derived from the leaves (167.9 41 mg TE mL-1). Larvicidal potential against A. salina was observed in essential oils obtained from the leaves (LC50 6.40 μg mL-1) and spikes (LC50 6.44 μg mL-1). The in silico studies demonstrated that the main compounds can interact with acetylcholinesterase, thus showing the potential molecular interaction responsible for the toxicity of the essential oil in A. salina.
摘要：
来自叶子的精油和香气（L），茎(St),和PipernigrumL.cv的尖峰。提取Guajarina；使用加氢蒸馏（HD）提取精油，和蒸汽蒸馏(SD)，并通过同时蒸馏和提取（SDE）获得香气。使用GC/MS和GC-FID鉴定和定量化学成分。通过确定对卤虫Leach幼虫的毒性来评估初步生物活性，计算死亡率，并确定致死浓度值（LC50）。精油样品中的主要化合物包括α-pine烯（0-5.6％），β-pine烯（0-22.7%），柠檬烯（0-19.3%），35芳樟醇（0-5.3％），δ-榄香烯(0-10.1%),β-石竹烯(0.5-21.9%),γ-榄香烯（7.5-33.9%），和curzerene（6.9-31.7％）。多变量分析，采用主成分分析(PCA)和层次聚类分析(HCA)，揭示了已确定类别中的三组和单个化合物中的两组。从叶子中提取的精油（167.941mgTEmL-1）具有最高的抗氧化活性。在从叶子（LC506.40μgmL-1）和尖刺（LC506.44μgmL-1）获得的精油中观察到了针对盐藻的幼虫潜力。计算机研究表明，主要化合物可以与乙酰胆碱酯酶相互作用，从而显示出潜在的分子相互作用负责的精油的毒性。
