PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The fast rate of replacement of natural areas by expanding cities is a key threat to wildlife worldwide. Many wild species occur in cities, yet little is known on the dynamics of urban wildlife assemblages due to species\' extinction and colonization that may occur in response to the rapidly evolving conditions within urban areas. Namely, species\' ability to spread within urban areas, besides habitat preferences, is likely to shape the fate of species once they occur in a city. Here we use a long-term dataset on mammals occurring in one of the largest and most ancient cities in Europe to assess whether and how spatial spread and association with specific habitats drive the probability of local extinction within cities. Our analysis included mammalian records dating between years 1832 and 2023, and revealed that local extinctions in urban areas are biased towards species associated with wetlands and that were naturally rare within the city. Besides highlighting the role of wetlands within urban areas for conserving wildlife, our work also highlights the importance of long-term biodiversity monitoring in highly dynamic habitats such as cities, as a key asset to better understand wildlife trends and thus foster more sustainable and biodiversity-friendly cities.
摘要：
城市扩张对自然区域的快速替代是全球野生动植物的主要威胁。许多野生物种出现在城市，然而，人们对城市野生动物聚集的动态知之甚少，因为物种的灭绝和殖民可能是响应城市地区快速发展的条件而发生的。即,物种在城市地区传播的能力，除了栖息地偏好，一旦物种出现在城市中，它们很可能会塑造它们的命运。在这里，我们使用在欧洲最大和最古老的城市之一发生的哺乳动物的长期数据集来评估空间传播和与特定栖息地的关联是否以及如何驱动城市内局部灭绝的可能性。我们的分析包括1832年至2023年之间的哺乳动物记录，并显示城市地区的局部灭绝偏向于与湿地相关的物种，并且在城市中自然很少。除了强调湿地在城市地区保护野生动物的作用外，我们的工作还强调了在城市等高度动态的栖息地进行长期生物多样性监测的重要性，作为更好地了解野生动物趋势，从而培育更可持续和生物多样性友好型城市的关键资产。
