PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The ability of living organisms to acquire the nutrients needed to carry out required physiological functions has important consequences for fitness. However, an organism must not simply meet the requirements for individual nutrients, but must ingest an optimal balance of multiple nutrients. Despite this, animals rarely consume truly balanced resources, and instead commonly feed selectively across multiple unbalanced resources to reach an optimal balance, i.e., intake target. Nutritional research has predominantly focused on the behavioral strategies employed during nutrient regulation, as well as the fitness consequence of failing to meet intake targets, but little work has been done on the temporal aspects of this process. For instance, within what timeframe must organisms reach their intake target before a fitness cost is incurred? Hours, days, weeks?
UNASSIGNED: In this study, we investigated how nutrient regulation interval impacts consumption and performance in adult female spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii). Females were constrained to either a protein- orcarbohydrate-biased diet over different time intervals and at different schedules, while control flies were constrained to one diet for the entire feeding period.
UNASSIGNED: Regulation interval had a significant impact on feeding behavior and consumption. Total consumption was highest on the shorter interval treatments, where diets were alternated more frequently, and declined as the interval period increased. The relative consumption of both diets was statistically-different across intervals and was higher for the carbohydrate-biased diet. Consumption of the protein-biased diet was more variable across intervals and was more strongly impacted by the daily timing of diet switches. Performance data showed that shorter regulation intervals led to longer fly lifespans, a result commonly observed in studies exploring the impacts of diet macronutrient ratio variability on performance.
UNASSIGNED: These results show that the temporal aspects of nutrition, such as feeding intervals and the timing of resource availability, can have strong impacts on feeding behavior, nutrient regulation, and fitness. These results provide an insight into how consumers may deal with changes in host phenology, the availability of hosts, and changes in nutrient availability within hosts. Understanding these mechanisms will be important for predicting responses to changes in nutrient cycling and resource availability mediated by natural and anthropogenic habitat modifications, such as global climate change.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, we investigated how nutrient regulation interval impacts consumption and performance in adult female spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii). Females were constrained to either a protein- orcarbohydrate-biased diet over different time intervals and at different schedules, while control flies were constrained to one diet for the entire feeding period.
UNASSIGNED: Regulation interval had a significant impact on feeding behavior and consumption. Total consumption was highest on the shorter interval treatments, where diets were alternated more frequently, and declined as the interval period increased. The relative consumption of both diets was statistically-different across intervals and was higher for the carbohydrate-biased diet. Consumption of the protein-biased diet was more variable across intervals and was more strongly impacted by the daily timing of diet switches. Performance data showed that shorter regulation intervals led to longer fly lifespans, a result commonly observed in studies exploring the impacts of diet macronutrient ratio variability on performance.
UNASSIGNED: These results show that the temporal aspects of nutrition, such as feeding intervals and the timing of resource availability, can have strong impacts on feeding behavior, nutrient regulation, and fitness. These results provide an insight into how consumers may deal with changes in host phenology, the availability of hosts, and changes in nutrient availability within hosts. Understanding these mechanisms will be important for predicting responses to changes in nutrient cycling and resource availability mediated by natural and anthropogenic habitat modifications, such as global climate change.
摘要：
■生物体获得执行所需生理功能所需的营养物质的能力对健身具有重要的影响。然而,有机体不能简单地满足个体营养素的需求，但必须摄取多种营养素的最佳平衡。尽管如此,动物很少消耗真正平衡的资源，相反，通常有选择地在多个不平衡的资源中进行馈送，以达到最佳平衡，即，摄入量目标。营养研究主要集中在营养调节过程中采用的行为策略，以及未能达到摄入目标的健康后果，但是在这个过程的时间方面做的工作很少。例如,在发生健身费用之前，生物体必须在什么时间范围内达到其摄入目标？小时，days,周？
■在这项研究中，我们调查了营养调节间隔如何影响成年雌性斑翼果蝇（Drosophilasuzuki）的消耗和性能。在不同的时间间隔和不同的时间表上，女性被限制为蛋白质或碳水化合物偏倚的饮食，而对照苍蝇在整个摄食期间都被限制在一种饮食中。
■调节间隔对摄食行为和消耗有显着影响。在较短间隔的治疗中，总消耗量最高，在更频繁地交替饮食的地方，并随着间隔期的增加而下降。两种饮食的相对消耗量在不同间隔之间具有统计学差异，并且在碳水化合物偏倚的饮食中更高。蛋白质偏倚饮食的消耗在各个时间间隔之间的变化更大，并且受饮食转换的每日时间的影响更大。性能数据显示，更短的调节间隔导致更长的飞行寿命，在探索饮食宏量营养素比率变异性对表现的影响的研究中通常观察到的结果。
■这些结果表明，营养的时间方面，例如馈送间隔和资源可用性的时间，会对喂养行为产生强烈影响，营养调节，和健身。这些结果提供了消费者如何处理宿主物候变化的洞察力，主机的可用性，以及宿主体内养分可用性的变化。了解这些机制对于预测自然和人为栖息地改变所介导的营养循环和资源可用性变化的反应至关重要。比如全球气候变化。
■在这项研究中，我们调查了营养调节间隔如何影响成年雌性斑翼果蝇（Drosophilasuzuki）的消耗和性能。在不同的时间间隔和不同的时间表上，女性被限制为蛋白质或碳水化合物偏倚的饮食，而对照苍蝇在整个摄食期间都被限制在一种饮食中。
■调节间隔对摄食行为和消耗有显着影响。在较短间隔的治疗中，总消耗量最高，在更频繁地交替饮食的地方，并随着间隔期的增加而下降。两种饮食的相对消耗量在不同间隔之间具有统计学差异，并且在碳水化合物偏倚的饮食中更高。蛋白质偏倚饮食的消耗在各个时间间隔之间的变化更大，并且受饮食转换的每日时间的影响更大。性能数据显示，更短的调节间隔导致更长的飞行寿命，在探索饮食宏量营养素比率变异性对表现的影响的研究中通常观察到的结果。
■这些结果表明，营养的时间方面，例如馈送间隔和资源可用性的时间，会对喂养行为产生强烈影响，营养调节，和健身。这些结果提供了消费者如何处理宿主物候变化的洞察力，主机的可用性，以及宿主体内养分可用性的变化。了解这些机制对于预测自然和人为栖息地改变所介导的营养循环和资源可用性变化的反应至关重要。比如全球气候变化。
