PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Depressive symptoms have been linked to difficulties in revising established negative beliefs in response to novel positive information. Recent predictive processing accounts have suggested that this bias in belief updating may be related to a blunted processing of positive prediction errors at the neural level. In this proof-of-concept study, pupil dilation in response to unexpected positive emotional information was examined as a psychophysiological marker of an attenuated processing of positive prediction errors associated with depressive symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: Participants (N = 34) completed a modified version of the emotional Bias Against Disconfirmatory Evidence (BADE) task in which scenarios initially suggest negative interpretations that are later either confirmed or disconfirmed by additional information. Pupil dilation in response to the confirmatory and disconfirmatory information was recorded.
UNASSIGNED: Behavioral results showed that depressive symptoms were related to difficulties in revising negative interpretations despite disconfirmatory positive information. The eye tracking results pointed to a reduced pupil response to unexpected positive information among people with elevated depressive symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: Altogether, the present study demonstrates that the adapted emotional BADE task can be appropriate for examining psychophysiological aspects such as changes in pupil size along with behavioral responses. Furthermore, the results suggest that depression may be characterized by deviations in both behavioral (i.e., reduced updating of negative beliefs) and psychophysiological (i.e., decreased pupil dilation) responses to unexpected positive information. Future work should focus on a larger sample including clinically depressed patients to further explore these findings.
UNASSIGNED: Participants (N = 34) completed a modified version of the emotional Bias Against Disconfirmatory Evidence (BADE) task in which scenarios initially suggest negative interpretations that are later either confirmed or disconfirmed by additional information. Pupil dilation in response to the confirmatory and disconfirmatory information was recorded.
UNASSIGNED: Behavioral results showed that depressive symptoms were related to difficulties in revising negative interpretations despite disconfirmatory positive information. The eye tracking results pointed to a reduced pupil response to unexpected positive information among people with elevated depressive symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: Altogether, the present study demonstrates that the adapted emotional BADE task can be appropriate for examining psychophysiological aspects such as changes in pupil size along with behavioral responses. Furthermore, the results suggest that depression may be characterized by deviations in both behavioral (i.e., reduced updating of negative beliefs) and psychophysiological (i.e., decreased pupil dilation) responses to unexpected positive information. Future work should focus on a larger sample including clinically depressed patients to further explore these findings.
摘要：
■抑郁症状与在回应新的积极信息时难以修改既定的消极信念有关。最近的预测处理帐户表明，信念更新中的这种偏见可能与神经水平的积极预测错误的钝化处理有关。在这个概念验证研究中,本研究检查了因意外的积极情绪信息而引起的瞳孔扩张,作为与抑郁症状相关的积极预测误差的衰减处理的心理生理标志.
■参与者（N=34）完成了修改版本的情感偏见反对不证实性证据（BADE）任务，在该任务中，场景最初暗示了负面的解释，后来被其他信息证实或不证实。记录了对确认和不确认信息的瞳孔扩张。
■行为结果显示，抑郁症状与修改负面解释的困难有关，尽管有不明确的阳性信息。眼睛跟踪结果表明，在抑郁症状升高的人群中，瞳孔对意外积极信息的反应降低。
■总之，本研究表明，适应的情绪BADE任务适用于检查心理生理方面，例如瞳孔大小的变化以及行为反应。此外，结果表明，抑郁症的特征可能是两种行为上的偏差(即，减少负面信念的更新)和心理生理(即，瞳孔扩张减少）对意外阳性信息的反应。未来的工作应该集中在包括临床抑郁症患者在内的更大样本上，以进一步探索这些发现。
■参与者（N=34）完成了修改版本的情感偏见反对不证实性证据（BADE）任务，在该任务中，场景最初暗示了负面的解释，后来被其他信息证实或不证实。记录了对确认和不确认信息的瞳孔扩张。
■行为结果显示，抑郁症状与修改负面解释的困难有关，尽管有不明确的阳性信息。眼睛跟踪结果表明，在抑郁症状升高的人群中，瞳孔对意外积极信息的反应降低。
■总之，本研究表明，适应的情绪BADE任务适用于检查心理生理方面，例如瞳孔大小的变化以及行为反应。此外，结果表明，抑郁症的特征可能是两种行为上的偏差(即，减少负面信念的更新)和心理生理(即，瞳孔扩张减少）对意外阳性信息的反应。未来的工作应该集中在包括临床抑郁症患者在内的更大样本上，以进一步探索这些发现。
