Abstract：
Occurrence of contaminants in water is one of the major global concerns humanity is still facing today: most of them are extremely toxic and dangerous for human health, obliging their removal for a proper and correct process of sanitation. Among wastewater treatment technologies, in the view of development of sustainable and environmentally friendly processes, membrane adsorption has proved to be a fast and simple method in the removal of pollutants, offering great contaminants recovery percentages, fast adsorbent regeneration and recycle, and easy scale-up. Due to their large surface area and tunable chemistry, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based materials revealed to be extraordinary adsorbents, exceeding by far performances of ordinary organic and inorganic membranes such as polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramics, currently employed in membrane technologies for wastewater treatment. In consideration of this, the review aims to summarize recent developments in the field of carbon nanotubes-based materials for pollutants recovery from water through adsorption processes. After a brief introduction concerning what adsorption phenomenon is and how it is performed and governed by using carbon nanotubes-based materials, the review discusses into detail the employment of three common typologies of CNTs-based materials (CNTs powders, CNTs-doped polymeric membranes and CNTs membranes) in adsorption process for the removal of water pollutants. Particularly focus will be devoted on the emergent category of self-standing CNTs membranes (buckypapers), made entirely of carbon nanotubes, exhibiting superior performances than CNTs and CNTs-doped polymeric membranes in terms of preparation strategy, recovery percentages of pollutants and regeneration possibilities. The extremely encouraging results presented in this review aim to support and pave the way to the introduction of alternative and more efficient pathways in wastewater treatment technologies to contrast the problem of water pollution.
摘要：
水中污染物的出现是人类今天仍然面临的主要全球问题之一：其中大多数对人类健康具有极大的毒性和危险，为了适当和正确的卫生过程，迫使他们被移除。在废水处理技术中，从发展可持续和环境友好的进程的角度来看，膜吸附已被证明是一种快速简单的去除污染物的方法，提供很大的污染物回收百分比，快速吸附剂再生和回收，和易于扩展。由于它们的大表面积和可调的化学性质，碳纳米管（CNT）基材料被证明是非凡的吸附剂，远远超过普通有机和无机膜如聚醚砜的性能，聚偏氟乙烯,聚四氟乙烯,陶瓷,目前用于污水处理的膜技术。考虑到这一点,这篇综述旨在总结碳纳米管基材料领域的最新进展，该材料用于通过吸附过程从水中回收污染物。在简要介绍了什么是吸附现象以及如何通过使用碳纳米管基材料进行和控制之后，这篇综述详细讨论了碳纳米管基材料的三种常见类型的使用(碳纳米管粉末，CNTs掺杂的聚合物膜和CNTs膜）在吸附过程中去除水污染物。特别关注的是新兴类别的自立碳纳米管膜(buckypapers)，完全由碳纳米管制成，在制备策略方面表现出比CNTs和CNTs掺杂聚合物膜优越的性能，污染物的回收百分比和再生可能性。这篇评论中提出的极其令人鼓舞的结果旨在支持并为在废水处理技术中引入替代和更有效的途径铺平道路，以对比水污染问题。
