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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Over 8 million newborns worldwide have congenital anomalies; 3.2 million have resultant disabilities. Ethiopia has a high burden of neonatal congenital anomalies, but research on predictors is limited. This study investigated predictors of neonatal congenital anomalies in eastern Ethiopia.
METHODS: A facility-based unmatched case-control study on 387 mother-infant pairs (129 cases, 258 controls) in public hospitals was conducted. Data were obtained using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and a medical record review. Binary logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to identify predictors of congenital anomaly.
RESULTS: Nervous system anomalies were most common 84 (65.1%), followed by gastrointestinal system anomalies 20 (15.5%). Maternal anemia (AOR: 4.37, 95% CI: 2.48-7.69), alcohol consumption during index pregnancy (AOR: 4.01, 95% CI: 1.88-8.54), khat chewing (AOR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.04-2.85), rural residence (AOR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.04-2.85) and antenatal care attendance (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.22-0.84) were significant predictors of congenital anomaly.
CONCLUSIONS: Several risk factors for congenital anomalies were identified. To reduce risk, antenatal care services should be improved and mothers encouraged to avoid harmful substances during pregnancy and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Intervention strategies are needed to target these risk factors.
METHODS: A facility-based unmatched case-control study on 387 mother-infant pairs (129 cases, 258 controls) in public hospitals was conducted. Data were obtained using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and a medical record review. Binary logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to identify predictors of congenital anomaly.
RESULTS: Nervous system anomalies were most common 84 (65.1%), followed by gastrointestinal system anomalies 20 (15.5%). Maternal anemia (AOR: 4.37, 95% CI: 2.48-7.69), alcohol consumption during index pregnancy (AOR: 4.01, 95% CI: 1.88-8.54), khat chewing (AOR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.04-2.85), rural residence (AOR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.04-2.85) and antenatal care attendance (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.22-0.84) were significant predictors of congenital anomaly.
CONCLUSIONS: Several risk factors for congenital anomalies were identified. To reduce risk, antenatal care services should be improved and mothers encouraged to avoid harmful substances during pregnancy and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Intervention strategies are needed to target these risk factors.
摘要：
目标：全世界有超过800万新生儿有先天性畸形；320万新生儿有残疾。埃塞俄比亚新生儿先天性畸形负担很高，但是对预测因子的研究是有限的。这项研究调查了埃塞俄比亚东部新生儿先天性异常的预测因素。
方法：基于设施的无匹配病例对照研究，对387对母婴（129例，258个对照)在公立医院进行。数据是使用面试官管理的结构化问卷和病历审查获得的。使用具有调整比值比（AOR）和95％置信区间（CI）的二元逻辑回归来确定先天性异常的预测因子。
结果：神经系统异常最常见84（65.1％），其次是胃肠道系统异常20（15.5%）。孕产妇贫血（AOR：4.37，95％CI：2.48-7.69），怀孕期间饮酒（AOR：4.01，95％CI：1.88-8.54），咀嚼卡塔（AOR：1.73；95%CI：1.04-2.85），农村居民(AOR:1.73,95%CI:1.04-2.85)和产前护理(AOR:0.43,95%CI:0.22-0.84)是先天性异常的重要预测因子.
结论：确定了先天性畸形的几个危险因素。为了降低风险,应改善产前护理服务，并鼓励母亲在怀孕期间避免使用有害物质并保持健康的生活方式。需要采取干预策略来针对这些风险因素。
方法：基于设施的无匹配病例对照研究，对387对母婴（129例，258个对照)在公立医院进行。数据是使用面试官管理的结构化问卷和病历审查获得的。使用具有调整比值比（AOR）和95％置信区间（CI）的二元逻辑回归来确定先天性异常的预测因子。
结果：神经系统异常最常见84（65.1％），其次是胃肠道系统异常20（15.5%）。孕产妇贫血（AOR：4.37，95％CI：2.48-7.69），怀孕期间饮酒（AOR：4.01，95％CI：1.88-8.54），咀嚼卡塔（AOR：1.73；95%CI：1.04-2.85），农村居民(AOR:1.73,95%CI:1.04-2.85)和产前护理(AOR:0.43,95%CI:0.22-0.84)是先天性异常的重要预测因子.
结论：确定了先天性畸形的几个危险因素。为了降低风险,应改善产前护理服务，并鼓励母亲在怀孕期间避免使用有害物质并保持健康的生活方式。需要采取干预策略来针对这些风险因素。
