METHODS: Children born between 1 March 2011 and 30 May 2021 to mothers who used buprenorphine, buprenorphine-naloxone, or methadone throughout their pregnancies were followed for 2 years at the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. Appropriate statistical tests were used to compare the treatment groups.
RESULTS: Of the 67 neonates, 52% were male, 96% were born full-term and 63% were treated for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Otherwise, the children were predominantly healthy, although relatively small: 22% were small for gestational age, the methadone group children being the smallest. Foetal exposure to maternal methadone treatment, illicit drugs, hepatitis C and smoking were associated with small for gestational age; the former two were also associated with later slower growth, especially head growth and weight gain (p < 0.001). However, 29% were overweight at 2 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Using child growth as the outcome, we found that buprenorphine-naloxone and buprenorphine-monotherapy had equal effects as forms of maternal OMT. Exposure to multiple risk factors may harm foetal and subsequent growth. We recommend long-term follow-up of children exposed to maternal OMT.
方法:2011年3月1日至2021年5月30日期间出生的使用丁丙诺啡的母亲的孩子,丁丙诺啡-纳洛酮,或美沙酮在怀孕期间在赫尔辛基大学医院随访2年,芬兰。使用适当的统计检验来比较治疗组。
结果:在67例新生儿中,52%是男性,96%为足月出生,63%为新生儿阿片类药物戒断综合征。否则,孩子们主要是健康的,尽管相对较小:22%的胎龄小,美沙酮组的孩子是最小的。胎儿暴露于母体美沙酮治疗,非法药物,丙型肝炎和吸烟与胎龄小有关;前两者也与后来生长缓慢有关,尤其是头部生长和体重增加(p<0.001)。然而,29%的人在2年时超重。
结论:以儿童成长为结果,我们发现,丁丙诺啡-纳洛酮和丁丙诺啡单药治疗与母体OMT的疗效相同.暴露于多种危险因素可能会损害胎儿和随后的生长。我们建议对暴露于母体OMT的儿童进行长期随访。