Abstract：
The pine cones (PC), spruce cones (SC) and fir cones (FC) were used for biocarbons preparation. Chemical activation with sodium hydroxide was applied to prepare activated biocarbons. All the materials under investigation were characterized by the N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (CHNS), infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), and the Boehm\'s titration method. Moreover, pHpzc (the point of zero charge) was determined. It was shown that cones are a good, cheap precursor from which biocarbons with a developed porous structure, characterized by good adsorption properties, can be obtained. All the obtained adsorbents are characterized mainly by a microporous structure. Moreover, they contain both acidic and basic surface functional groups (acidic ones prevail over basic ones). The tested activated biocarbons have large specific surface area values ranging from 578 to 1182 m2 g-1. The efficacy of selected materials in the adsorption of an essential contaminant of increasing concern, tetracycline (TC), was investigated. The experimental data were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of the tested biocarbons ranges from 200 to 392 mg g-1. Thermodynamic studies proved that adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process. In summary, economical and environmentally friendly adsorbents were obtained.
摘要：
松果（PC），云杉球果（SC）和冷杉球果（FC）用于生物碳制备。应用氢氧化钠的化学活化来制备活化的生物碳。所研究的所有材料均通过N2吸附进行表征，扫描电子显微镜（SEM），元素分析（CHNS），红外光谱(ATRFT-IR),和Boehm滴定法。此外，测定pHpzc(零电荷点)。事实证明，锥体是好的，具有发达多孔结构的生物碳的廉价前体，具有良好的吸附性能，可以获得。所有获得的吸附剂的特征主要在于微孔结构。此外，它们含有酸性和碱性表面官能团(酸性基团优于碱性基团)。所测试的活化生物碳具有578至1182m2g-1的大比表面积值。所选材料在吸附必不可少的污染物中的功效日益受到关注，四环素（TC），被调查。使用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线模型描述了实验数据。测试的生物碳的最大吸附容量为200至392mgg-1。热力学研究证明，吸附是一个自发的吸热过程。总之,获得了经济环保的吸附剂。
