PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study evaluated the effect of feeding ergot contaminated grain continuously or intermittently through backgrounding (BG) and finishing (FN) in a mash or pelleted supplement on the growth performance, health and welfare parameters, and carcass characteristics of feedlot beef steers. Sixty black Angus steers (300 ± 29.4 kg BW) were used in a complete randomized 238-d study. Steers were stratified by weight and randomly assigned to four different diets (15 steers/treatment) and individually housed. Treatments included: (1) control [CON; no added ergot alkaloids (EA)], (2) continuous ergot mash (CEM; fed continuously at 2 mg total EA/kg of DM), (3) intermittent ergot mash (IEM; fed at 2 mg total EA/kg of DM, during the first week of each 21-d period and CON for the remaining 2 wk, this feeding pattern was repeated in each period), and (4) intermittent ergot pellet (IEP; fed at 2 mg of total EA/kg of DM as a pellet during the first week of each 21-d period and CON for the remaining 2 wk as described for IEM). Steers were fed barley based BG diets containing 40% concentrate:60% silage (DM basis) for 84 d (four 21-d periods), transitioned over 28 d (no ergot fed) to an FN diet (90% concentrate:10% silage DM basis) and fed for 126 d (six 21-d periods) before slaughter. In the BG phase, steer DMI (P < 0.01, 7.45 vs. 8.05 kg/d) and ADG (P < 0.01) were reduced for all EA diets compared to CON. The CEM fed steers had lower ADG (P < 0.01, 0.735 vs. 0.980 kg) and shrunk final BW (P < 0.01, 350 vs. 366 kg) than CON. CEM had lower gain:feed (P < 0.07, 0.130 vs. 0.142) than CON. In the FN phase, steer DMI (P < 0.01, 9.95 vs. 11.05 kg/d) and ADG (P = 0.04) were also decreased for all EA fed steers compared to CON. Total shrunk BW gain (P = 0.03, 202.5 vs. 225.2 kg), final BW (P = 0.03, 617.9 vs. 662.2 kg), and carcass weight (P = 0.06) decreased for all EA fed steers compared to CON. The percentage of AAA carcasses decreased for all EA fed steers (P < 0.01, 46.7 vs. 93.3%) compared to CON. EA fed steers had increased rectal temperatures (P < 0.01, 39.8 vs. 39.4 °C) compared to CON. Pelleting ergot contaminated grain did not reduce the impact of ergot alkaloids on any of the measured parameters during BG or FN. Continuously or intermittently feeding ergot contaminated diets (2 mg total EA/kg of DM) significantly reduced intake, growth performance, and carcass weight, with minimal impact on blood parameters in feedlot steers. Pelleting was not an effective method of reducing ergot toxicity.
Produced by the fungus Claviceps purpurea, ergot alkaloids (EA) are toxic to beef cattle when consumed and can lead to reduction in feed intake and growth performance, vasoconstriction of the blood vessels, hyperthermia, damage to extremities (ears, tails, and hooves) and in severe cases, death. Grain is often cleaned to meet quality standards, and the resulting screenings are often utilized for feeding livestock and can have high concentrations of EA. The application of heat during pelleting of EA contaminated grain has been suggested to reduce its toxicity. Backgrounding and finishing beef cattle feeding experiments were conducted to assess the effect of continuously or intermittently feeding EA contaminated grain (2 mg/kg of diet DM) either as a pellet or as mash on growth performance, health, and animal welfare. Feeding EA grain continuously or intermittently either as a mash or pellet drastically reduced growth performance of steers, with no difference between treatments.
Produced by the fungus Claviceps purpurea, ergot alkaloids (EA) are toxic to beef cattle when consumed and can lead to reduction in feed intake and growth performance, vasoconstriction of the blood vessels, hyperthermia, damage to extremities (ears, tails, and hooves) and in severe cases, death. Grain is often cleaned to meet quality standards, and the resulting screenings are often utilized for feeding livestock and can have high concentrations of EA. The application of heat during pelleting of EA contaminated grain has been suggested to reduce its toxicity. Backgrounding and finishing beef cattle feeding experiments were conducted to assess the effect of continuously or intermittently feeding EA contaminated grain (2 mg/kg of diet DM) either as a pellet or as mash on growth performance, health, and animal welfare. Feeding EA grain continuously or intermittently either as a mash or pellet drastically reduced growth performance of steers, with no difference between treatments.
摘要：
这项研究评估了连续或间歇地通过土制（BG）和精加工（FN）饲喂麦角污染的谷物对生长性能的影响。健康和福利参数，和饲养场牛肉的car体特征。在完整的随机238-d研究中使用了60只黑色安格斯牛（300±29.4kg体重）。按体重对牛进行分层，并随机分配到4种不同的饮食中（15种牛/治疗），并单独饲养。治疗包括：1）对照（CON；未添加EA），2）连续麦角糊状物（CEM；以2mg总EA/kgDM连续进料），3）间歇性麦角糊状物（IEM；以2mg总EA/kgDM饲喂，在每个21天周期的第一周和剩余2周的CON，这种喂养模式在每个时期都重复)，和4)间歇性麦角颗粒(IEP;在每个21天周期的第一周期间以2mg总EA/kgDM作为颗粒饲喂,并且如IEM所述在剩余2周内以CON饲喂)。饲喂以大麦为基础的BG饮食，其中含有40％的浓缩物：60％的青贮饲料（DM基础），持续84天（四个21天），在28天（无麦角饲料）过渡到FN饮食（90％浓缩物：10％青贮DM基础），并在屠宰前喂养126天（六个21天）。在BG阶段,转向DMI(P<0.01，7.45vs.与CON相比，所有EA饮食均降低了8.05kg/d）和ADG（P<0.01）。饲喂CEM的牛的ADG较低（P<0.01，0.735vs.0.980kg）和收缩的最终BW（P<0.01，350vs.366kg)比CON。CEM的收益较低：饲料（P<0.07，0.130vs.0.142）比CON。在FN阶段，转向DMI(P<0.01，9.95vs.11.05kg/d）和ADG（P=0.04）与CON相比，所有EA饲喂的牛都降低了。总带宽增加（P=0.03，202.5与225.2kg),最终BW（P=0.03，617.9vs.662.2kg),与CON相比，所有EA饲喂的牛的car体重量（P=0.06）均降低。所有EA饲喂的牛的AAA尸体百分比均降低（P<0.01，46.7vs.93.3%）与CON相比。EA喂养的牛的直肠温度升高（P<0.01，39.8vs.39.4°C）与CON相比。在BG或FN过程中，将麦角污染的谷物造粒并没有减少麦角生物碱对任何测量参数的影响。连续或间歇饲喂麦角污染的饮食（2mg总EA/kgDM）显着减少摄入量，增长业绩，和屠体重量,对饲养场牛的血液参数影响最小。造粒不是降低麦角毒性的有效方法。
