Abstract：
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the Americas faced a significant decline in vaccination coverage as well as increased vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this paper is to summarize the challenges and opportunities outlined by the National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and prioritize targeted interventions. The exploratory survey included open-ended questions on two primary components: challenges, and opportunities. Free-text comments presented by each NITAG were collated and classified using indicators and sub-indicators of the NITAG Maturity Assessment Tool (NMAT). Opportunities were classified thematically, and priority actions were generated from the responses. All 21 NITAGs in LAC, representing 40 countries, 76 % of which have been active for over a decade, responded to the survey. The most common challenges were establishment and composition (62 %), integration into policymaking (62 %), resources and secretariat (52 %), and stakeholder recognition (48 %). The distribution of responses was seen across the whole sample and did not suggest a more pronounced need in relation to year of establishment. Opportunities included maximizing the Regional NITAG Network of the Americas (RNA) to facilitate collaboration, information sharing, visibility, and communication; existing global, regional, and systemic analyses; the World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization (WHO/PAHO) templates for standard operating procedures; twinning programs with mature NITAGs; and NITAGs in governance structures. Action plans were outlined to formalize the establishment of NITAGs and broaden their composition; strengthen decision-making and access to data resources; and enhance the credibility of evidence-based recommendations and their uptake by policymakers and the public. NITAG challenges are not unique to LAC. NITAGs have outlined a short-term prioritized action plan which is critical to enhancing NITAG value and importance in countries.
摘要：
在COVID-19大流行之后，美洲面临疫苗接种覆盖率显著下降以及疫苗接种犹豫增加.本文的目的是总结拉丁美洲和加勒比（LAC）国家免疫技术咨询组（NITAG）概述的挑战和机遇，并优先考虑有针对性的干预措施。探索性调查包括关于两个主要组成部分的开放式问题：挑战，和机会。使用NITAG成熟度评估工具（NMAT）的指标和子指标对每个NITAG提供的自由文本评论进行了整理和分类。机会按主题分类，优先行动是从回应中产生的。LAC的所有21个NITAG，代表40个国家，其中76%的人已经活跃了十多年，回答了调查。最常见的挑战是建立和组成(62%)，融入决策(62%)，资源和秘书处(52%)，和利益相关者认可(48%)。在整个样本中都可以看到响应的分布，并且没有表明与成立年份有关的更明显的需求。机会包括最大限度地利用美洲区域NITAG网络(RNA)促进合作，信息共享,可见性,和沟通；现有的全球，区域,和系统分析；世界卫生组织/泛美卫生组织(世卫组织/泛美卫生组织)标准作业程序模板；与成熟的NITAG配对方案；和治理结构中的NITAG。概述了行动计划，以正式建立NITAG并扩大其组成；加强决策和获得数据资源；并提高基于证据的建议的可信度以及决策者和公众对这些建议的采纳。NITAG挑战并非拉丁美洲和加勒比独有。NITAG概述了一项短期优先行动计划，该计划对于提高NITAG在各国的价值和重要性至关重要。
