Abstract：
Functional tic-like behaviours (FTLB) are a female predominant functional neurological disorder that escalated in incidence during the SARS CoV2 pandemic. This study compared social and adaptive functioning, social media use, pandemic experiences, and psychiatric comorbidities between FTLB (n = 35), Tourette Syndrome (TS) (n = 22), and neurotypical (NT) (n = 25) participants ages 11 to 25 years. The psychiatric comorbidity burden for participants with FTLB was formidable, with frequencies ranging from 1.5 to 10 times higher for major depressive disorder and panic disorder compared to TS and NT participants. Borderline personality disorder (BPD), agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder were also significantly more common in FTLB compared to NT participants. Vulnerable attachment scores, social phobia and social interaction anxiety symptoms were higher in participants with FTLB than NT but not TS. Overall distress tolerance, resilient coping, suggestibility, hours on social media, and exposure to tic and TS content were not significantly different between groups. FTLB participants rated their mental health declined more severely during the pandemic than both TS and NT participants and were more likely to experience trouble sleeping, loneliness, and difficulty affording housing and food than NT participants. Participants with FTLB were significantly more likely to identify as gender minority people than TS and NT, though there were no significant differences based on gender identity in the study variables within the FTLB group. The association and potential pathways explaining how psychiatric disorders may be contributing to FTLB, and why certain groups appear at particular risk are discussed.
摘要：
功能性抽动样行为（FTLB）是一种女性主要的功能性神经系统疾病，在SARSCoV2大流行期间发病率上升。这项研究比较了社会和适应性功能，社交媒体使用,大流行经历，和FTLB之间的精神病合并症（n=35），Tourette综合征（TS）（n=22），和神经典型（NT）（n=25）参与者年龄11至25岁。FTLB参与者的精神病共病负担是巨大的，与TS和NT参与者相比，重度抑郁障碍和惊恐障碍的频率高1.5到10倍。边缘性人格障碍（BPD），广场恐惧症,社交焦虑障碍,与NT参与者相比，FTLB中广泛性焦虑障碍也明显更常见。脆弱的依恋分数，FTLB患者的社交恐惧症和社交互动焦虑症状高于NT,而TS患者则不高于NT.整体的遇险容忍度,有弹性的应对，可暗示性，在社交媒体上，暴露于抽动和TS含量在组间没有显着差异。FTLB参与者对他们在大流行期间的心理健康下降比TS和NT参与者更严重，并且更有可能经历睡眠困难，孤独,与新界参与者相比，难以提供住房和食物。与TS和NT相比，FTLB参与者更有可能确定为性别少数群体，尽管FTLB组中研究变量的性别认同没有显着差异。关联和潜在的途径解释了精神疾病如何可能导致FTLB，以及为什么某些群体出现在特定的风险进行了讨论。
