Abstract：
Salinity stress poses a significant challenge to agriculture, impacting soil health, plant growth and contributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In response to these intertwined challenges, the use of biochar and its nanoscale counterpart, nano-biochar, has gained increasing attention. This comprehensive review explores the heterogeneous role of biochar and nano-biochar in enhancing salt resilience in plants and soil while concurrently mitigating GHG emissions. The review discusses the effects of these amendments on soil physicochemical properties, improved water and nutrient uptake, reduced oxidative damage, enhanced growth and the alternation of soil microbial communities, enhance soil fertility and resilience. Furthermore, it examines their impact on plant growth, ion homeostasis, osmotic adjustment and plant stress tolerance, promoting plant development under salinity stress conditions. Emphasis is placed on the potential of biochar and nano-biochar to influence soil microbial activities, leading to altered emissions of GHG emissions, particularly nitrous oxide(N2O) and methane(CH4), contributing to climate change mitigation. The comprehensive synthesis of current research findings in this review provides insights into the multifunctional applications of biochar and nano-biochar, highlighting their potential to address salinity stress in agriculture and their role in sustainable soil and environmental management. Moreover, it identifies areas for further investigation, aiming to enhance our understanding of the intricate interplay between biochar, nano-biochar, soil, plants, and greenhouse gas emissions.
摘要：
盐度胁迫对农业构成重大挑战，影响土壤健康，植物生长和温室气体(GHG)排放。为了应对这些相互交织的挑战，生物炭及其纳米级对应物的使用，纳米生物炭，得到了越来越多的关注。这篇综合综述探讨了生物炭和纳米生物炭在增强植物和土壤中的盐分恢复力，同时减少温室气体排放方面的异质性作用。综述讨论了这些改良剂对土壤理化性质的影响，改善水和营养吸收，减少氧化损伤，促进土壤微生物群落的生长和交替，增强土壤肥力和恢复力。此外，它研究了它们对植物生长的影响，离子稳态，渗透调节和植物胁迫耐受性，在盐度胁迫条件下促进植物发育。重点研究了生物炭和纳米生物炭对土壤微生物活性的影响,导致温室气体排放的变化，特别是一氧化二氮(N2O)和甲烷(CH4)，为减缓气候变化做出贡献。本文综述了当前研究成果的综合，为生物炭和纳米生物炭的多功能应用提供了见解，强调其解决农业盐分胁迫的潜力及其在可持续土壤和环境管理中的作用。此外，它确定了需要进一步调查的领域，旨在增强我们对生物炭之间复杂相互作用的理解，纳米生物炭，土壤,植物,和温室气体排放。
