Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Mating is an essential factor that governs the size of insect populations that reproduce sexually. The extensive application of insecticides has both lethal and sublethal effects on the physiology and mating behavior of insect natural enemies. The predatory bug Cyrtorhinus lividipennis is a natural enemy of planthopper and leafhopper populations in the rice ecosystem. Unfortunately, the effects of insecticides on the mating behavior of C. lividipennis are not well-understood.
RESULTS: The mating behavior of C. livdipennis consisted of mounting, antennal touch and mating attempts, genital insertion, adjustment of posture, and separation of the mating pair. Approximately 82.5% of the C. lividipennis mating pairs displayed their first mating at 12-36 h postemergence. Mating activity occurred throughout a 24-h period, with peak activity at 12:00-14:00 h, and the mean duration of mating was 48.75 min. Sublethal exposure to imidacloprid increased mating latency. Compared with the controls, the duration of courtship, pre-mating and adjusting posture for males treated with imidacloprid were prolonged. The duration of mating for females treated with imidacloprid was prolonged relative to untreated controls. The fecundity and daily spawning capacity of females treated with imidacloprid were higher than the untreated controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide insight into the mating process of C. lividipennis. Imidacloprid prolonged the duration of mating, which may explain the enhanced reproductive output in C. lividipennis females treated with imidacloprid. These findings will be useful in both rearing C. lividipennis and deploying this natural enemy in rice fields. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: The mating behavior of C. livdipennis consisted of mounting, antennal touch and mating attempts, genital insertion, adjustment of posture, and separation of the mating pair. Approximately 82.5% of the C. lividipennis mating pairs displayed their first mating at 12-36 h postemergence. Mating activity occurred throughout a 24-h period, with peak activity at 12:00-14:00 h, and the mean duration of mating was 48.75 min. Sublethal exposure to imidacloprid increased mating latency. Compared with the controls, the duration of courtship, pre-mating and adjusting posture for males treated with imidacloprid were prolonged. The duration of mating for females treated with imidacloprid was prolonged relative to untreated controls. The fecundity and daily spawning capacity of females treated with imidacloprid were higher than the untreated controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide insight into the mating process of C. lividipennis. Imidacloprid prolonged the duration of mating, which may explain the enhanced reproductive output in C. lividipennis females treated with imidacloprid. These findings will be useful in both rearing C. lividipennis and deploying this natural enemy in rice fields. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：交配是控制有性繁殖昆虫种群大小的重要因素。杀虫剂的广泛应用对昆虫天敌的生理和交配行为具有致死和亚致死作用。掠食性虫子Cyrtorhinuslividipennis是水稻生态系统中飞虱和叶虱种群的天敌。不幸的是,杀虫剂对C.lividipennis交配行为的影响尚不清楚。
结果：C.livdipennis的交配行为包括安装，触角接触和交配尝试，生殖器插入，调整姿势,和配对的分离。大约82.5％的C.lividipennis交配对在出苗后12-36小时表现出首次交配。交配活动在24小时内发生，活动高峰在12:00-14:00小时，平均交配时间为48.75分钟。亚致死性暴露于吡虫啉会增加交配潜伏期。与对照组相比，求爱的持续时间,用吡虫啉处理的雄性的预交配和调整姿势延长。相对于未处理的对照,用吡虫啉处理的雌性的交配持续时间延长。用吡虫啉处理的雌性的繁殖力和日产卵能力高于未处理的对照。
结论：我们的结果提供了对C.lividipennis交配过程的见解。吡虫啉延长了交配的持续时间，这可能解释了用吡虫啉治疗的C.lividipennis雌性的生殖输出增强。这些发现对于饲养C.lividipennis和在稻田中部署这种天敌都很有用。©2024化学工业学会。
结果：C.livdipennis的交配行为包括安装，触角接触和交配尝试，生殖器插入，调整姿势,和配对的分离。大约82.5％的C.lividipennis交配对在出苗后12-36小时表现出首次交配。交配活动在24小时内发生，活动高峰在12:00-14:00小时，平均交配时间为48.75分钟。亚致死性暴露于吡虫啉会增加交配潜伏期。与对照组相比，求爱的持续时间,用吡虫啉处理的雄性的预交配和调整姿势延长。相对于未处理的对照,用吡虫啉处理的雌性的交配持续时间延长。用吡虫啉处理的雌性的繁殖力和日产卵能力高于未处理的对照。
结论：我们的结果提供了对C.lividipennis交配过程的见解。吡虫啉延长了交配的持续时间，这可能解释了用吡虫啉治疗的C.lividipennis雌性的生殖输出增强。这些发现对于饲养C.lividipennis和在稻田中部署这种天敌都很有用。©2024化学工业学会。
