Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Partner notification (PN) is key to controlling sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Digital PN options (e.g. social media, short message service (SMS), emails) are promising in increasing PN behaviour. However, their implementation is often challenging and studies report varied levels of acceptability and uptake of PN, highlighting the need to optimise digital PN interventions.
METHODS: A systematic review of barriers and facilitators to digital PN interventions for STIs, including HIV, across eight research databases (from 2010 to 2023) identified eight relevant studies, two of which addressed HIV. Data extraction identified 98 barriers and 54 facilitators to the use of digital PN interventions. These were synthesised into 18 key barriers and 17 key facilitators that were each deemed amenable to change. We then used the Behaviour Change Wheel approach, the Acceptability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Affordability, Side-effects and Equity criteria, and multidisciplinary expert input, to systematically develop practical recommendations to optimise digital PN.
RESULTS: Thirty-two specific recommendations clustered around three themes. Digital PN interventions should: (1) empower and support the index patient by providing a range of notification options, accompanied by clear instructions; (2) integrate into users\' existing habits and the digital landscape, meeting contemporary standards and expectations of usability; and (3) address the social context of PN both online and offline through normalising the act of PN, combating STI-related stigma and stressing the altruistic aspects of PN through consistent messaging to service users and the public.
CONCLUSIONS: Our evidence-based recommendations should be used to optimise existing digital PN interventions and inform the co-production of new ones.
METHODS: A systematic review of barriers and facilitators to digital PN interventions for STIs, including HIV, across eight research databases (from 2010 to 2023) identified eight relevant studies, two of which addressed HIV. Data extraction identified 98 barriers and 54 facilitators to the use of digital PN interventions. These were synthesised into 18 key barriers and 17 key facilitators that were each deemed amenable to change. We then used the Behaviour Change Wheel approach, the Acceptability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Affordability, Side-effects and Equity criteria, and multidisciplinary expert input, to systematically develop practical recommendations to optimise digital PN.
RESULTS: Thirty-two specific recommendations clustered around three themes. Digital PN interventions should: (1) empower and support the index patient by providing a range of notification options, accompanied by clear instructions; (2) integrate into users\' existing habits and the digital landscape, meeting contemporary standards and expectations of usability; and (3) address the social context of PN both online and offline through normalising the act of PN, combating STI-related stigma and stressing the altruistic aspects of PN through consistent messaging to service users and the public.
CONCLUSIONS: Our evidence-based recommendations should be used to optimise existing digital PN interventions and inform the co-production of new ones.
摘要：
背景：伴侣通知（PN）是控制性传播感染（STIs）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的关键。数字PN选项(如社交媒体、短消息服务(SMS)，电子邮件)有望增加PN行为。然而,它们的实施通常是具有挑战性的，研究报告PN的可接受性和吸收程度各不相同，强调需要优化数字PN干预措施。
方法：对性传播感染数字PN干预的障碍和促进者进行系统回顾，包括艾滋病毒,在八个研究数据库(从2010年到2023年)中，确定了八项相关研究，其中两个涉及艾滋病毒。数据提取确定了使用数字PN干预措施的98个障碍和54个促进者。这些被合成为18个关键障碍和17个关键促进者，每个都被认为可以改变。然后我们使用了行为改变轮方法，可接受性,实用性,有效性,负担能力，副作用和公平标准，和多学科专家的投入，系统地制定优化数字PN的实用建议。
结果：32项具体建议围绕三个主题。数字PN干预应：（1）通过提供一系列通知选项来授权和支持索引患者，伴随着明确的指示；(2)融入用户的现有习惯和数字景观，满足当代标准和可用性的期望；(3)通过规范PN行为，解决PN在线和离线的社会背景，通过向服务用户和公众提供一致的信息，打击与科技和创新相关的污名，并强调PN的利他主义方面。
结论：我们的基于证据的建议应用于优化现有的数字PN干预措施，并为联合制作新的干预措施提供信息。
方法：对性传播感染数字PN干预的障碍和促进者进行系统回顾，包括艾滋病毒,在八个研究数据库(从2010年到2023年)中，确定了八项相关研究，其中两个涉及艾滋病毒。数据提取确定了使用数字PN干预措施的98个障碍和54个促进者。这些被合成为18个关键障碍和17个关键促进者，每个都被认为可以改变。然后我们使用了行为改变轮方法，可接受性,实用性,有效性,负担能力，副作用和公平标准，和多学科专家的投入，系统地制定优化数字PN的实用建议。
结果：32项具体建议围绕三个主题。数字PN干预应：（1）通过提供一系列通知选项来授权和支持索引患者，伴随着明确的指示；(2)融入用户的现有习惯和数字景观，满足当代标准和可用性的期望；(3)通过规范PN行为，解决PN在线和离线的社会背景，通过向服务用户和公众提供一致的信息，打击与科技和创新相关的污名，并强调PN的利他主义方面。
结论：我们的基于证据的建议应用于优化现有的数字PN干预措施，并为联合制作新的干预措施提供信息。
