Abstract：
During surgery, the use of a high-frequency electric knife produces smoke, which can be harmful to the health of indoor medical staff and patients. The quantity and particle size distribution of smoke particles produced by different tissues may vary. Understanding the release characteristics of these smoke particles is necessary to clarify their impact on the surgical environment and to seek effective smoke control methods. A previous comparative analysis of human and pig tissues revealed that they share similar water and fat compositions in certain anatomical regions. In this study, we investigated the emission characteristics of smoke particles from various tissues of pigs (skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, skin, and subcutaneous fat) under different operating powers of an electric knife. We measured the indoor particle number concentration (particle concentration), and estimated the PM2.5 mass concentration (PM2.5 concentration), particle size distribution, and emission rate of the smoke particles. The study obtained the particle emission rates of different tissues under different electric knife operating powers, results of which showed that (1) during the operation of the electric knife, mainly small particles below 1 μm are produced. Among them, particles of 0.3 μm were the most abundant, with a particle concentration level of up to 109 particles/m3, accounting for 85.17-97.64% of the total particle number, and as the particle size increased, the particle concentration and percentage decreased significantly. (2) The water and fat compositions of different tissues influenced the indoor particle concentration and emission rate of the smoke emitted by the electric knife. Among different tissues, subcutaneous fat tissue had the lowest particle concentration and emission rate. (3) The electric knife operating power mainly affected particles below 1 μm, and except for kidney tissue, the indoor concentration and emission rate of these particle sizes were positively correlated with the power. The experimental results can provide data reference for the use of high-frequency electric knives in surgeries involving different human tissues in the operating room.
摘要：
手术期间,使用高频电刀会产生烟雾，这可能对室内医务人员和患者的健康有害。由不同组织产生的烟雾颗粒的数量和粒度分布可以变化。了解这些烟雾颗粒的释放特性对于阐明其对手术环境的影响并寻求有效的烟雾控制方法是必要的。先前对人和猪组织的比较分析表明，它们在某些解剖区域具有相似的水和脂肪组成。在这项研究中,我们调查了猪各种组织(骨骼肌，肝脏,肾,皮肤,和皮下脂肪)在电刀的不同操作功率下。我们测量了室内颗粒数浓度（颗粒浓度），并估算了PM2.5质量浓度（PM2.5浓度），粒度分布，和烟雾颗粒的排放速率。研究得到了不同组织在不同电刀操作功率下的粒子发射率,结果表明:(1)在电刀的操作过程中,主要产生1μm以下的小颗粒。其中,0.3μm的颗粒最丰富，颗粒浓度水平可达109个/m3，占总颗粒数的85.17-97.64%，随着颗粒大小的增加，颗粒浓度和百分比显着下降。(2)不同组织的水分和脂肪成分影响了室内电刀排放烟气的颗粒物浓度和排放速率。在不同的组织中，皮下脂肪组织的颗粒浓度和排放率最低。（3）电刀操作功率主要影响1μm以下的颗粒，除了肾组织,这些粒径的室内浓度和排放速率与功率呈正相关。实验结果可为高频电刀在手术室涉及不同人体组织的手术中的使用提供数据参考。
