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Abstract：
Although vaginitis is closely related to vaginal microecology in females, the precise composition and functional potential of different types of vaginitis remain unclear. Here, metagenomic sequencing was applied to analyze the vaginal flora in patients with various forms of vaginitis, including cases with a clue cell proportion ranging from 1% to 20% (Clue1_20), bacterial vaginitis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and BV combined with VVC (VVC_BV). Our results identified Prevotella as an important biomarker between BV and Clue1_20. Moreover, a gradual decrease was observed in the relative abundance of shikimic acid metabolism associated with bacteria producing indole as well as a decline in the abundance of Gardnerella vaginalis in patients with BV, Clue1_20, and healthy women. Interestingly, the vaginal flora of patients in the VVC_BV group exhibited structural similarities to that of the VVC group, and its potentially functional characteristics resembled those of the BV and VVC groups. Finally, Lactobacillus crispatus was found in high abundance in healthy samples, greatly contributing to the stability of the vaginal environment. For the further study of L. crispatus, we isolated five strains of L. crispatus from healthy samples and evaluated their capacity to inhibit G. vaginalis biofilms and produce lactic acid in vitro to select the potential probiotic candidate for improving vaginitis in future clinical studies. Overall, we successfully identified bacterial biomarkers of different vaginitis and characterized the dynamic shifts in vaginal flora between patients with BV and healthy females. This research advances our understanding and holds great promise in enhancing clinical approaches for the treatment of vaginitis.
OBJECTIVE: Vaginitis is one of the most common gynecological diseases, mostly caused by infections of pathogens such as Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis. In recent years, it has been found that the stability of the vaginal flora plays an important role in vaginitis. Furthermore, the abundant Lactobacillus-producing rich lactic acid in the vagina provides a healthy acidic environment such as Lactobacillus crispatus. The metabolites of Lactobacillus can inhibit the colonization of pathogens. Here, we collected the vaginal samples of patients with bacterial vaginitis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and BV combined with VVC to discover the differences and relationships among the different kinds of vaginitis by metagenomic sequencing. Furthermore, because of the importance of L. crispatus in promoting vaginal health, we isolated multiple strains from vaginal samples of healthy females and chose the most promising strain with potential probiotic benefits to provide clinical implications for treatment strategies.
OBJECTIVE: Vaginitis is one of the most common gynecological diseases, mostly caused by infections of pathogens such as Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis. In recent years, it has been found that the stability of the vaginal flora plays an important role in vaginitis. Furthermore, the abundant Lactobacillus-producing rich lactic acid in the vagina provides a healthy acidic environment such as Lactobacillus crispatus. The metabolites of Lactobacillus can inhibit the colonization of pathogens. Here, we collected the vaginal samples of patients with bacterial vaginitis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and BV combined with VVC to discover the differences and relationships among the different kinds of vaginitis by metagenomic sequencing. Furthermore, because of the importance of L. crispatus in promoting vaginal health, we isolated multiple strains from vaginal samples of healthy females and chose the most promising strain with potential probiotic benefits to provide clinical implications for treatment strategies.
摘要：
尽管阴道炎与女性的阴道微生态密切相关，不同类型阴道炎的确切成分和功能潜能尚不清楚.这里,应用宏基因组测序分析各种形式的阴道炎患者的阴道菌群，包括线索细胞比例从1%到20%(Clue1_20)的病例，细菌性阴道炎（BV），外阴阴道念珠菌病（VVC），和BV结合VVC(VVC_BV)。我们的结果确定了普雷沃氏菌是BV和Clue1_20之间的重要生物标志物。此外，观察到与产生吲哚的细菌相关的莽草酸代谢的相对丰度逐渐下降，以及BV患者阴道加德纳菌的丰度下降，Clue1_20和健康女性。有趣的是,VVC_BV组患者的阴道菌群与VVC组表现出结构相似性，其潜在的功能特征类似于BV和VVC组。最后,在健康样本中发现了高丰度的卷曲乳杆菌，大大有助于阴道环境的稳定。为了进一步研究crispatus，我们从健康样本中分离出5株crispatusL.crispatus菌株,并评估了它们在体外抑制阴道G.生物膜和产生乳酸的能力,从而在未来的临床研究中选择潜在的益生菌候选物用于改善阴道炎。总的来说,我们成功鉴定了不同阴道炎的细菌生物标志物,并表征了BV患者和健康女性之间阴道菌群的动态变化.这项研究促进了我们的理解，并在加强阴道炎治疗的临床方法方面具有广阔的前景。重要阴道炎是最常见的妇科疾病之一，主要由白色念珠菌和阴道加德纳菌等病原体感染引起。近年来,已经发现，阴道菌群的稳定性在阴道炎中起着重要作用。此外，在阴道中产生丰富的乳酸的丰富的乳杆菌提供了健康的酸性环境,例如卷曲乳杆菌。乳酸菌的代谢产物可以抑制病原菌的定植。这里,我们收集了细菌性阴道炎（BV）患者的阴道样本，外阴阴道念珠菌病（VVC），和BV联合VVC，通过宏基因组测序发现不同类型阴道炎之间的差异和关系。此外，因为crispatus在促进阴道健康方面的重要性，我们从健康女性的阴道样本中分离了多种菌株,并选择了具有潜在益生菌益处的最有希望的菌株,为治疗策略提供临床意义.
