PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) stands out as a distinctive repository of visceral fat, positioned in close anatomical and functional proximity to the heart. EAT has emerged as a distinctive reservoir of visceral fat, intricately interlinked with cardiovascular health, particularly within the domain of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of our overview is to highlight the role of EAT as a marker for cardiovascular risk in children. We also explore the influence of unhealthy lifestyle habits as predisposing factors for the deposition of EAT. The literature data accentuate the consequential impact of lifestyle choices on EAT dynamics, with sedentary behavior and unwholesome dietary practices being contributory to a heightened cardiovascular risk. Lifestyle interventions with a multidisciplinary approach are therefore pivotal, involving a nutritionally balanced diet rich in polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, regular engagement in aerobic exercise, and psychosocial support to effectively mitigate cardiovascular risks in children. Specific interventions, such as high-intensity intermittent training and circuit training, reveal favorable outcomes in diminishing the EAT volume and enhancing cardiometabolic health. Future clinical studies focusing on EAT in children are crucial for advancing our understanding and developing targeted strategies for cardiovascular risk management in this population.
摘要：
心外膜脂肪组织（EAT）是内脏脂肪的独特储存库，在解剖和功能上靠近心脏。EAT已经成为内脏脂肪的独特储库，与心血管健康密切相关，特别是在心血管疾病（CVD）领域。我们概述的目的是强调EAT作为儿童心血管风险标志物的作用。我们还探讨了不健康的生活习惯作为EAT沉积的诱发因素的影响。文献数据强调了生活方式选择对饮食动态的相应影响，久坐的行为和不健康的饮食习惯导致心血管风险增加。因此，采用多学科方法的生活方式干预至关重要，包括富含多不饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸的营养均衡饮食，经常参加有氧运动，和心理社会支持，以有效减轻儿童的心血管风险。具体干预措施,如高强度间歇训练和电路训练，揭示减少进食量和增强心脏代谢健康的有利结果。未来针对儿童EAT的临床研究对于提高我们的理解和制定针对该人群的心血管风险管理的针对性策略至关重要。
