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Abstract：
The present study was aimed at evaluating the genetic variation and population structure in a collection of 22 rice genotypes. Twenty-two rice genotypes were assessed using quantitative traits and SSR molecular markers for genetic variability and genetic diversity. As for genetic diversity, the genotypes were clarified based on twelve quantitative traits. Clustering produced two large groups: the IR70423-169-2-2 variety was in a branch alone due to its long duration, while, the second group included all rest of genotypes and was split up into two sub-groups. The first sub-group included IR67418-131-2-3-3-3, IR67420-206-3-1-3-3, Giza181, Giza182, Sakha104, and P1044-86-5-3-3-2M. However, pedigree played in divided clustering with Giza181 and Giza182, which were belonging to the Indica type and produced from the same parents. SSR markers produced 87 alleles, with a mean of 4.3 alleles per locus, which were detected in 22 rice genotypes. A higher number of alleles were found with primers RM262, RM244, RM3843, RM212, and RM3330. With an overall mean of 0.837, the polymorphic information content values were high for all SSR markers, ranging from a low of 0.397 for M254 to a high of 0.837 for RM244. The dendogram was divided into six groups according to the types of genotypes, with the pedigree playing a major role for the genetic distance. In order to help breeders choose parents and create suitable hybrids to achieve genetic improvement in crops, particularly rice, SSR is a useful technique for analysing genotype diversity and aiding in the genetic fingerprinting of each variety.
摘要：
本研究旨在评估22种水稻基因型的遗传变异和种群结构。使用数量性状和SSR分子标记评估了22个水稻基因型的遗传变异性和遗传多样性。至于遗传多样性，根据12个数量性状阐明了基因型。聚类产生了两个大组：IR70423-169-2-2品种由于持续时间长，仅在一个分支中，while,第二组包括所有其余基因型,并分为两个亚组.第一个子组包括IR67418-131-2-3-3-3，IR67420-206-3-1-3-3，Giza181，Giza182，Sakha104和P1044-86-5-3-3-2M。然而,谱系与Giza181和Giza182分簇，它们属于Indica类型，由相同的父母产生。SSR标记产生87个等位基因，每个基因座平均有4.3个等位基因，在22个水稻基因型中检测到。用引物RM262、RM244、RM3843、RM212和RM3330发现更高数目的等位基因。总体平均值为0.837，所有SSR标记的多态性信息含量值都很高，范围从M254的低0.397到RM244的高0.837。根据基因型的类型将柱状图分为六组，谱系对遗传距离起着重要作用。为了帮助育种者选择亲本，创造合适的杂交种，实现作物的遗传改良，尤其是大米,SSR是分析基因型多样性和帮助每个品种的遗传指纹的有用技术。
