Abstract：
The J-turn intersection is a novel roadway design which decreases the points of conflict at an intersection, by restricting straight crossing and left-turning movements from the minor road across the highway. The novelty of the intersection design may lead to driver errors and dissatisfaction. This study provides an examination of how naïve or first-time drivers may initially navigate J-turns during their first and early exposures to the novel intersection design. Thirty-six participants with limited previous experience and knowledge of J-turns participated in a simulation study to examine their acceptance of J-turns and left turning navigational performance at three simulated J-turn intersections in counterbalanced order, each featuring one of three signage levels. Results revealed participants committed slightly more frequent minor errors (e.g., inefficient lane selection) and significantly more major errors (e.g., missed U-turn) during the first J-turn exposure and these errors tended to decline during subsequent exposures, while moderate severity errors (e.g., risky lane change) slightly increased. Participants\' J-turn acceptance significantly declined following simulated driving exposure. The decline in J-turn acceptance was found to be greater among participants who experienced major severity errors; however, more frequent minor errors were associated with increased acceptance. Signage level had little effect on errors, but participants preferred improved signage or on-road markings to guide crossing movements. This work suggests that advanced educational programs and community initiatives should be utilized to prepare drivers for how to navigate J-turns rather than only rely on J-turn exposure to improve driver performance and acceptance.
摘要：
J形转弯交叉口是一种新颖的道路设计，可减少交叉口的冲突点，通过限制高速公路对面的小路的直线穿越和左转运动。交叉路口设计的新颖性可能导致驾驶员的错误和不满。这项研究检查了幼稚或首次驾驶员在首次和早期接触新颖的交叉路口设计时最初如何导航J转弯。36名以往J型转弯经验和知识有限的参与者参加了一项模拟研究，以检查他们在平衡的三个模拟J型转弯交叉路口接受J型转弯和左转弯导航性能的情况，每个具有三个标牌级别之一。结果显示，参与者犯了稍微频繁的小错误(例如，低效的车道选择)和明显更多的主要错误(例如，错过U形转弯)在第一个J形转弯曝光期间，这些误差在随后的曝光期间趋于下降，而中度严重错误(例如，危险的变道)略有增加。模拟驾驶暴露后，参与者的J转弯接受度显着下降。在经历重大严重错误的参与者中，J-turn接受度的下降幅度更大；然而，更频繁的小错误与接受度增加相关.标牌级别对错误影响不大，但参与者更喜欢改进标志或道路标记来指导穿越运动。这项工作表明，应利用先进的教育计划和社区活动来为驾驶员准备如何导航J转弯，而不是仅依靠J转弯暴露来提高驾驶员的表现和接受度。
