Abstract：
This study compiles the main hypotheses involved in the etiopathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). A narrative review of the literature was performed. The etiopathogenesis of MRONJ is multifactorial and not fully understood. The main hypothesis considers the disturbance of bone turnover caused by anti-resorptive drugs. Bisphosphonates and denosumab inhibit osteoclast activity through different action mechanisms, accumulating bone microfracture. Other hypotheses also consider oral infection and inflammation, the antiangiogenic effect and soft tissue toxicity of bisphosphonates, and the inhibition of lymphangiogenesis. Knowledge of the current theories for MRONJ is necessary to define future studies and protocols to minimize the incidence of this severe condition.
摘要：
这项研究汇编了与药物相关的颌骨坏死（MRONJ）的病因有关的主要假设。对文献进行了叙述性回顾。MRONJ的病因是多因素的，尚未完全了解。主要假设考虑了抗再吸收药物引起的骨转换障碍。双膦酸盐和地诺单抗通过不同的作用机制抑制破骨细胞活性，积聚骨微骨折。其他假设也考虑口腔感染和炎症，双膦酸盐的抗血管生成作用和软组织毒性，和淋巴管生成的抑制作用。了解MRONJ的当前理论对于定义未来的研究和方案以最大程度地减少这种严重状况的发生率是必要的。
