Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy and dementia are bidirectional. The purpose of this review was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of and to identify the risk factors for epilepsy in patients with dementia and dementia in patients with epilepsy.
METHODS: We retrieved the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases through January 2023. Two individuals screened the articles, extracted the data, and used a random effects model to pool the estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: From 3475 citations, 25 articles were included. The prevalence of seizures/epilepsy was 4% among dementia patients and 3% among Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) patients. For vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia, the pooled period prevalence of seizures/epilepsy was 6%, 3%, and 2%, respectively. Baseline early-onset AD was associated with the highest risk of 5-year epilepsy (pooled hazard ratios: 4.06; 95% CI: 3.25-5.08). Dementia patients had a 2.29-fold greater risk of seizures/epilepsy than non-dementia patients (95% CI: 1.37-3.83). Moreover, for baseline epilepsy, the pooled prevalence of dementia was 17% (95% CI: 10-25%), and that of AD was 15% (95% CI: 9-21%). The pooled results suggested that epilepsy is associated with a greater risk of dementia (risk ratio: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.64-4.88).
CONCLUSIONS: There are still gaps in epidemiology regarding the correlation between dementia types and epilepsy, vascular risk factors, and the impact of antiseizure medication or cognitive improvement drugs on epilepsy and AD comorbidity.
METHODS: We retrieved the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases through January 2023. Two individuals screened the articles, extracted the data, and used a random effects model to pool the estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: From 3475 citations, 25 articles were included. The prevalence of seizures/epilepsy was 4% among dementia patients and 3% among Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) patients. For vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia, the pooled period prevalence of seizures/epilepsy was 6%, 3%, and 2%, respectively. Baseline early-onset AD was associated with the highest risk of 5-year epilepsy (pooled hazard ratios: 4.06; 95% CI: 3.25-5.08). Dementia patients had a 2.29-fold greater risk of seizures/epilepsy than non-dementia patients (95% CI: 1.37-3.83). Moreover, for baseline epilepsy, the pooled prevalence of dementia was 17% (95% CI: 10-25%), and that of AD was 15% (95% CI: 9-21%). The pooled results suggested that epilepsy is associated with a greater risk of dementia (risk ratio: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.64-4.88).
CONCLUSIONS: There are still gaps in epidemiology regarding the correlation between dementia types and epilepsy, vascular risk factors, and the impact of antiseizure medication or cognitive improvement drugs on epilepsy and AD comorbidity.
摘要：
背景：癫痫和痴呆是双向的。目的探讨痴呆患者和癫痫患者痴呆的流行病学特征及危险因素。
方法：我们检索了PubMed，Embase,到2023年1月，Cochrane和WebofScience数据库。两个人筛选了文章，提取数据，并使用随机效应模型来汇集估计值和95%置信区间(CI)。
结果：来自3475次引用，共包括25篇文章。痴呆患者的癫痫发作/癫痫患病率为4%,阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者为3%。对于血管性痴呆，路易体痴呆,额颞叶痴呆,癫痫发作/癫痫的合并期患病率为6%，3%,2%,分别。基线早发性AD与5年癫痫的最高风险相关（合并风险比：4.06；95％CI：3.25-5.08）。痴呆患者发生癫痫发作/癫痫的风险是非痴呆患者的2.29倍(95%CI:1.37-3.83)。此外，对于基线癫痫，痴呆的合并患病率为17%(95%CI:10-25%)，AD为15%（95%CI：9-21%）。汇总结果表明，癫痫与痴呆的风险更高（风险比：2.83，95％CI：1.64-4.88）。
结论：关于痴呆类型与癫痫之间的相关性，流行病学仍存在差距，血管危险因素，以及抗癫痫药物或认知改善药物对癫痫和AD共病的影响。
方法：我们检索了PubMed，Embase,到2023年1月，Cochrane和WebofScience数据库。两个人筛选了文章，提取数据，并使用随机效应模型来汇集估计值和95%置信区间(CI)。
结果：来自3475次引用，共包括25篇文章。痴呆患者的癫痫发作/癫痫患病率为4%,阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者为3%。对于血管性痴呆，路易体痴呆,额颞叶痴呆,癫痫发作/癫痫的合并期患病率为6%，3%,2%,分别。基线早发性AD与5年癫痫的最高风险相关（合并风险比：4.06；95％CI：3.25-5.08）。痴呆患者发生癫痫发作/癫痫的风险是非痴呆患者的2.29倍(95%CI:1.37-3.83)。此外，对于基线癫痫，痴呆的合并患病率为17%(95%CI:10-25%)，AD为15%（95%CI：9-21%）。汇总结果表明，癫痫与痴呆的风险更高（风险比：2.83，95％CI：1.64-4.88）。
结论：关于痴呆类型与癫痫之间的相关性，流行病学仍存在差距，血管危险因素，以及抗癫痫药物或认知改善药物对癫痫和AD共病的影响。
