Abstract：
Neisseria meningitidis causes life-threatening invasive diseases, such as sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis. In Italy, as in many other countries, despite vaccination programs, the misdiagnosis of meningococcal infections and the persistence of vaccination hesitancy and of unvaccinated people can lead to possible epidemics. Following the CARE Guidelines, this case-report describes a young woman presented with fever and a strange rash to the General Practice out-of-hours in the island of Grado (Gorizia - Italy), lately recognized as Neisseria meningitidis infection. After a prompt evaluation, she was referred to a central hospital for correct diagnosis and treatment. Study and management of the case and its close-contacts was also carried out by the Prevention Department to provide prophylaxis. The Italian Ooh service is active every night, weekend and on holidays, representing an aid to limit improper access to the Emergency Department, but especially in rural areas, patients with urgent conditions also mainly go to the Ooh, first or alternatively to reach a hospital equipped with ER. The presented case underlines the fundamental role played by Ooh in the timely identification of a meningococcal infection in a patient presenting with non-neurological symptoms, making the correct referral to the specialist department of the nearest central hospital. It is essential to conduct a detailed medical history, even by telephone, and carry out a visit to evaluate the opportunity for hospital admission, especially to achieve early identification of life-threatening communicable diseases. It is also important that medical training, even after graduation, emphasizes the importance of maintaining awareness and making rapid recognition of the key symptoms of these conditions, although rare.
摘要：
脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起危及生命的侵袭性疾病,比如败血症,肺炎,和脑膜炎。在意大利,和其他许多国家一样，尽管有疫苗接种计划，脑膜炎球菌感染的误诊和疫苗接种犹豫的持续存在以及未接种疫苗的人可能导致流行病。根据《援外救济会准则》，该病例报告描述了一名年轻女子在格拉多岛（Gorizia-意大利）的全科医生工作时间外出现发烧和奇怪的皮疹，最近被确认为脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染。经过迅速的评估，她被转诊到中央医院接受正确的诊断和治疗。预防部门还对该病例及其密切接触者进行了研究和管理，以提供预防。意大利Ooh服务每晚都很活跃，周末和假期，代表限制不当进入急诊室的援助，尤其是在农村地区，有紧急情况的病人也主要去哦，首先或替代地到达配备急诊室的医院。该病例强调了Ooh在及时识别具有非神经系统症状的患者的脑膜炎球菌感染方面发挥的基本作用，正确转诊到最近的中心医院的专科。进行详细的病史至关重要，即使是通过电话,并进行访问以评估入院机会，尤其是实现对危及生命的传染病的早期识别。医学培训也很重要，即使毕业后，强调保持意识和快速识别这些疾病的主要症状的重要性，虽然罕见。
