Abstract:
This paper reviews MFI\'s from a historical perspective commencing with DVI in the late 20th century. For this paper, this era, 1970-90s is designated as the early modern period. As DVI by DNA analysis is introduced into the process, in the beginning of the mid-1990s, or late modern period, a shift in ID modality usage is noted. A statistical analysis of the primary identification (ID) methods established that dental identification was the majority identifier, or gold standard, in the early modern era. Although primarily viewed from a United States (US) perspective, referenced international incidents parallel the incidents investigated by US authorities. The introduction of DNA demarcated the early from the late modern era. Through research, development, and application this highly discriminating ID method would effectively, surpass dental ID as the gold standard into the late modern era. DNA ID would eventually overcome early criticism regarding cost and time consumption. In the MFI\'s discussed, the discriminating accuracy of DNA, when referenced against the dental identifications, validated the reliability of dental ID. Errors will be significantly minimized through confirmatory reconciliation by more than one ID method. In conclusion despite increased usage of DNA, dental ID has not been eliminated and remains a major contributor to DVI. Dental ID continues to develop through increased application of advanced imaging technology. Despite DNA\'s rapid advancement and application to DVI, the multidisciplinary approach to scientific identification should remain in the near future. Therefore, comparative dental ID will remain an important and reliable contributor to DVI.
摘要:
本文从20世纪末的DVI开始,从历史的角度回顾了MFI。对于这篇论文,这个时代,1970-90年代被指定为现代早期。随着DNA分析的DVI被引入到该过程中,在1990年代中期初,或现代晚期,注意到ID模态使用的转变。对主要识别(ID)方法的统计分析确定,牙齿识别是大多数标识符,或黄金标准,在现代早期。尽管主要从美国(US)的角度来看,引用的国际事件与美国当局调查的事件平行。DNA的引入从现代晚期开始就划定了界限。通过研究,发展,并且应用这种高度区分的ID方法将有效地,超越牙科ID成为现代晚期的黄金标准。DNAID最终将克服早期关于成本和时间消耗的批评。在讨论的MFI中,识别DNA的准确性,当参考牙齿标识时,验证了牙科ID的可靠性。通过一种以上的ID方法进行确认和解,错误将大大减少。总之,尽管增加了DNA的使用,牙科ID尚未消除,仍然是DVI的主要贡献者。通过增加先进成像技术的应用,牙科ID继续发展。尽管DNA的快速发展和应用于DVI,科学鉴定的多学科方法应在不久的将来保留。因此,比较牙科ID将仍然是DVI的重要和可靠的贡献者。