Abstract：
The good antimicrobial properties of silver make it widely used in food, medicine, and environmental applications. However, the release and accumulation of silver-based antimicrobial agents in the environment is increasing with the extensive use of silver-based antimicrobials, and the prevalence of silver-resistant bacteria is increasing. To prevent the emergence of superbugs, it is necessary to exercise rational and strict control over drug use. The mechanism of bacterial resistance to silver has not been fully elucidated, and this article provides a review of the progress of research on the mechanism of bacterial resistance to silver. The results indicate that bacterial resistance to silver can occur through inducing silver particles aggregation and Ag+ reduction, inhibiting silver contact with and entry into cells, efflux of silver particles and Ag+ in cells, and activation of damage repair mechanisms. We propose that the bacterial mechanism of silver resistance involves a combination of interrelated systems. Finally, we discuss how this information can be used to develop the next generation of silver-based antimicrobials and antimicrobial therapies. And some antimicrobial strategies are proposed such as the \"Trojan Horse\" - camouflage, using efflux pump inhibitors to reduce silver efflux, working with \"minesweeper\", immobilization of silver particles.
摘要：
银良好的抗菌性能使其广泛应用于食品中,医学,和环境应用。然而,随着银基抗菌剂的广泛使用，银基抗菌剂在环境中的释放和积累越来越多，抗银细菌的患病率正在增加。为了防止超级细菌的出现，有必要对毒品使用进行合理和严格的控制。细菌对银的抗性机制尚未完全阐明,本文就细菌抗银机制的研究进展作一综述。结果表明，细菌对银的抗性可以通过诱导银颗粒聚集和Ag+还原而发生，抑制银接触和进入细胞，细胞中银颗粒和Ag+的流出，并激活损伤修复机制。我们建议抗银的细菌机制涉及相关系统的组合。最后,我们将讨论这些信息如何用于开发下一代银基抗菌药物和抗菌疗法。并提出了一些抗菌策略，如“特洛伊木马”-伪装，使用外排泵抑制剂来减少银外排，与“扫雷艇”一起工作，银颗粒的固定。
