Abstract：
Neurodegenerative disorder is a serious condition that is caused by abnormal or no neurological function. Neurodegenerative disease is a major growing cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in the elderly. After World War Ⅱ, eugenics term was exterminated from medicines. Neurodegenerative disease is a genetically inherited disease. Lifestyle changes, environmental factors, and genetic modification, together or alone, are involved in the occurrence of this disorder. The major examples of neurodegenerative disorders are Alzheimer\'s and Parkinson\'s disease, in which apoptosis and necrosis are the two major death pathways for neurons. It has been determined from various studies that the etiology of the neurodegenerative disease involves the role of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defence system, which are prime factors associated with the activation of signal transduction pathway that is responsible for the formation of synuclein in the brain and manifestation of toxic reactions in the form of functional abnormality, which ultimately leads to the dysfunction of neuronal pathway or cell. There has not been much success in the discovery of effective therapy to treat neurodegenerative diseases because the main cause of abnormal functioning or death of neurons is not well known. However, the use of natural products that are derived from plants has effective therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative disease. The natural compounds with medicinal properties to prevent neurological dysfunction are curcumin, wolfberry, ginseng, and Withania somnifera. The selection and use of natural compounds are based on their strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties against neurodegenerative disease. Herbal products have active constituents that play an important role in the prevention of communication errors between neurons and neurotransmitters and their respective receptors in the brain, which influence their function. Considering this, natural products have great potential against neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews the natural compounds used to treat neurodegenerative diseases and their mechanisms of action.
摘要：
神经退行性疾病是由神经功能异常或无神经功能引起的严重病症。神经退行性疾病是全球范围内死亡率和发病率不断增长的主要原因。尤其是老年人。二战后,优生学术语从药物中被消灭。神经退行性疾病是一种遗传性疾病。生活方式的改变，环境因素,和基因改造，一起或单独,参与了这种疾病的发生。神经退行性疾病的主要例子是阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病，其中凋亡和坏死是神经元的两条主要死亡途径。从各种研究中已经确定，神经退行性疾病的病因涉及氧化应激和抗氧化防御系统的作用，它们是与信号转导途径激活相关的主要因素，该途径负责大脑中突触核蛋白的形成和以功能异常形式的毒性反应的表现，最终导致神经元通路或细胞的功能障碍。在发现治疗神经退行性疾病的有效疗法方面尚未取得很大成功，因为神经元功能异常或死亡的主要原因尚不清楚。然而,使用来自植物的天然产物对神经退行性疾病具有有效的治疗潜力。具有预防神经功能障碍的药用性质的天然化合物是姜黄素，枸杞,人参,还有WithaniaSomnifera.天然化合物的选择和使用是基于其抗神经变性疾病的强抗炎和抗氧化性质。草药产品具有活性成分，在预防大脑中神经元和神经递质及其各自受体之间的通讯错误中起着重要作用，这影响了他们的功能。考虑到这一点,天然产物对神经退行性疾病具有巨大的潜力。本文综述了用于治疗神经退行性疾病的天然化合物及其作用机制。
