Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) is a public health problem in endemic and nonendemic areas. The Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH) requested the development of a nucleic acid amplification test (NAT) for the detection of Plasmodium spp. in public blood centers to increase blood safety.
METHODS: The new Brazilian NAT kit named NAT PLUS HIV/HBV/HCV/Malaria Bio-Manguinhos was first implemented in HEMORIO, a public blood center in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Since October 1, 2022, this blood center has been testing all its blood donations for malaria in a pool of six plasma samples to detect Plasmodium spp. by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
RESULTS: Since the implementation of the NAT PLUS platform until February 2023, HEMORIO has successfully received and tested 200,277 donations. The platform detected two asymptomatic donors in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which is a nonendemic region for malaria. Our analyses suggested a malaria from the Amazon region caused by Plasmodium vivax, in the first case, while an autochthonous transmission case by Plasmodium malariae was identified in the rural area of Rio de Janeiro state.
CONCLUSIONS: The NAT PLUS platform detects Plasmodium spp. in plasma samples with sensitivity capable of detecting subpatent infections. This is the first time worldwide that a group developed and implemented molecular diagnosis for Plasmodium spp. to be used by public blood centers to avoid TTM.
METHODS: The new Brazilian NAT kit named NAT PLUS HIV/HBV/HCV/Malaria Bio-Manguinhos was first implemented in HEMORIO, a public blood center in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Since October 1, 2022, this blood center has been testing all its blood donations for malaria in a pool of six plasma samples to detect Plasmodium spp. by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
RESULTS: Since the implementation of the NAT PLUS platform until February 2023, HEMORIO has successfully received and tested 200,277 donations. The platform detected two asymptomatic donors in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which is a nonendemic region for malaria. Our analyses suggested a malaria from the Amazon region caused by Plasmodium vivax, in the first case, while an autochthonous transmission case by Plasmodium malariae was identified in the rural area of Rio de Janeiro state.
CONCLUSIONS: The NAT PLUS platform detects Plasmodium spp. in plasma samples with sensitivity capable of detecting subpatent infections. This is the first time worldwide that a group developed and implemented molecular diagnosis for Plasmodium spp. to be used by public blood centers to avoid TTM.
摘要：
背景：输血传播疟疾（TTM）是流行和非流行地区的公共卫生问题。巴西卫生部（MH）要求开发用于检测疟原虫的核酸扩增测试（NAT）。在公共血液中心增加血液安全。
方法：名为NATPLUSHIV/HBV/HCV/MalariaBio-Manguinhos的新巴西NAT套件首次在HEMORIO中实施，里约热内卢市的一个公共血液中心。自2022年10月1日以来，该血液中心一直在六个血浆样本池中测试所有献血的疟疾，以检测疟原虫。通过实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）。
结果：自NATPLUS平台实施至2023年2月以来，HEMORIO已成功收到并测试了200,277笔捐款。该平台在里约热内卢市检测到两名无症状的捐赠者，这是疟疾的非流行地区。我们的分析表明，来自亚马逊地区的疟疾由间日疟原虫引起，在第一种情况下，而在里约热内卢州的农村地区发现了一例疟疾疟原虫的本地传播病例。
结论：NATPLUS平台检测疟原虫。在血浆样品中具有能够检测专利感染的灵敏度。这是全球首次有小组开发并实施疟原虫的分子诊断。供公共血液中心使用以避免TTM。
方法：名为NATPLUSHIV/HBV/HCV/MalariaBio-Manguinhos的新巴西NAT套件首次在HEMORIO中实施，里约热内卢市的一个公共血液中心。自2022年10月1日以来，该血液中心一直在六个血浆样本池中测试所有献血的疟疾，以检测疟原虫。通过实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）。
结果：自NATPLUS平台实施至2023年2月以来，HEMORIO已成功收到并测试了200,277笔捐款。该平台在里约热内卢市检测到两名无症状的捐赠者，这是疟疾的非流行地区。我们的分析表明，来自亚马逊地区的疟疾由间日疟原虫引起，在第一种情况下，而在里约热内卢州的农村地区发现了一例疟疾疟原虫的本地传播病例。
结论：NATPLUS平台检测疟原虫。在血浆样品中具有能够检测专利感染的灵敏度。这是全球首次有小组开发并实施疟原虫的分子诊断。供公共血液中心使用以避免TTM。
