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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and types of congenital heart defect (CHD) in mild congenital anorectal malformation (CARM), namely the rectoperineal and rectovestibular fistulas.
METHODS: The retrospective study of 183 patients with mild CARM was conducted with assessments of demographic information, color Doppler echocardiography results, and follow-up data. We performed an analysis of the clinical characteristics of CHD, grouping them based on sex and type of mild CARM.
RESULTS: Of the 183 patients, rectoperineal fistula occurred in 133 patients (72.7%), while the frequency of CHD was 79.8% (146/183). Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) occur more frequently in patients with rectoperineal fistula compared to those with rectovestibular fistula (1.5% vs. 10%), while the opposite trend was observed for patent ductus arteriosus (PDAs) (39.8% vs. 22.0%). Additionally, males presented higher frequency of PDA (42.7% vs. 26.4%) and self-healing (6 months: 87.2% vs. 42.6%; 12 months: 91.0% vs. 63.2%) than females. However, males had a lower rate of undergoing cardiac surgery (6.4% vs. 17.6%) and a younger median diagnosis age (1 day vs. 9 days).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that there is a necessity for meticulous cardiac assessment and follow-up in neonates diagnosed with mild CARM.
METHODS: The retrospective study of 183 patients with mild CARM was conducted with assessments of demographic information, color Doppler echocardiography results, and follow-up data. We performed an analysis of the clinical characteristics of CHD, grouping them based on sex and type of mild CARM.
RESULTS: Of the 183 patients, rectoperineal fistula occurred in 133 patients (72.7%), while the frequency of CHD was 79.8% (146/183). Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) occur more frequently in patients with rectoperineal fistula compared to those with rectovestibular fistula (1.5% vs. 10%), while the opposite trend was observed for patent ductus arteriosus (PDAs) (39.8% vs. 22.0%). Additionally, males presented higher frequency of PDA (42.7% vs. 26.4%) and self-healing (6 months: 87.2% vs. 42.6%; 12 months: 91.0% vs. 63.2%) than females. However, males had a lower rate of undergoing cardiac surgery (6.4% vs. 17.6%) and a younger median diagnosis age (1 day vs. 9 days).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that there is a necessity for meticulous cardiac assessment and follow-up in neonates diagnosed with mild CARM.
摘要：
目的：分析轻度先天性肛门直肠畸形（CARM）的先天性心脏病（CHD）的临床特征和类型。即直肠会阴瘘和直肠前庭瘘。
方法：对183例轻度CARM患者进行了回顾性研究，评估了人口学信息，彩色多普勒超声心动图检查结果，和后续数据。我们对冠心病的临床特征进行了分析，根据性别和轻度CARM类型进行分组。
结果：在183名患者中，直肠会阴瘘133例(72.7%),冠心病的发生率为79.8%(146/183)。与直肠前庭瘘相比，直肠会阴瘘患者的室间隔缺损（VSD）发生率更高（1.5％vs.10%),而动脉导管未闭(PDA)的趋势相反(39.8%vs.22.0%）。此外,男性出现PDA的频率较高(42.7%vs.26.4%）和自我修复（6个月：87.2%vs.42.6%；12个月：91.0%63.2%）比女性高。然而,男性接受心脏手术的比例较低(6.4%vs.17.6%）和更年轻的中位诊断年龄（1天vs.9天）。
结论：我们的研究表明，有必要对诊断为轻度CARM的新生儿进行细致的心脏评估和随访。
方法：对183例轻度CARM患者进行了回顾性研究，评估了人口学信息，彩色多普勒超声心动图检查结果，和后续数据。我们对冠心病的临床特征进行了分析，根据性别和轻度CARM类型进行分组。
结果：在183名患者中，直肠会阴瘘133例(72.7%),冠心病的发生率为79.8%(146/183)。与直肠前庭瘘相比，直肠会阴瘘患者的室间隔缺损（VSD）发生率更高（1.5％vs.10%),而动脉导管未闭(PDA)的趋势相反(39.8%vs.22.0%）。此外,男性出现PDA的频率较高(42.7%vs.26.4%）和自我修复（6个月：87.2%vs.42.6%；12个月：91.0%63.2%）比女性高。然而,男性接受心脏手术的比例较低(6.4%vs.17.6%）和更年轻的中位诊断年龄（1天vs.9天）。
结论：我们的研究表明，有必要对诊断为轻度CARM的新生儿进行细致的心脏评估和随访。
