PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The family Mycobacteriaceae contains over 188 species, most of which are saprophytic non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). In wildlife, a variety of different NTM can be found, with different reports about their pathogenic potential. A pathogenic member of NTM is Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP), which can infect farmed and wild ruminants. It causes paratuberculosis which is an economically important chronic disease. Infected farm animals are considered to be the source of infection in wild animals. Wildlife, on the other hand, is thought to be a reservoir for certain members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), such as M. caprae, which causes tuberculosis in cattle and red deer.
UNASSIGNED: Switzerland implemented a surveillance program for tuberculosis in wild animals in 2014. Here, we describe the results from the mycobacterial culture of lymph node samples collected from red deer, roe deer, chamois, ibex, and badgers collected within this surveillance program from 2020 to 2022. Overall, samples from 548 animals were checked macroscopically for tuberculosis-like lesions.
UNASSIGNED: In total, 88 animals (16.1%), which either had lesions in their lymph nodes or were male and aged older than 5 years, were investigated using mycobacterial culture. In total, 25 animals (28.4%) were positive for NTM, while no MTBC was detected. The most often identified NTM was M. vaccae, followed by M. avium. Most animals positive for NTM did not show any macroscopic lesions. Furthermore, MAP was isolated from the head lymph nodes of two male red deer. Neither of the two MAP-positive animals had any macroscopic lesions in their head lymph nodes or any other signs of disease.
UNASSIGNED: The shooting sites of the two MAP-positive animals were located in Alpine pastures used for grazing of cattle during summer, which confirms that species transmission can occur when contaminated pastures are used by different species. In agreement with other studies, the occurrence of MAP in red deer was quite low. However, so far, MAP was mostly isolated from feces and intestinal lymph nodes of wild animals. This is the first detection of MAP in the head lymph nodes of red deer in Switzerland.
UNASSIGNED: Switzerland implemented a surveillance program for tuberculosis in wild animals in 2014. Here, we describe the results from the mycobacterial culture of lymph node samples collected from red deer, roe deer, chamois, ibex, and badgers collected within this surveillance program from 2020 to 2022. Overall, samples from 548 animals were checked macroscopically for tuberculosis-like lesions.
UNASSIGNED: In total, 88 animals (16.1%), which either had lesions in their lymph nodes or were male and aged older than 5 years, were investigated using mycobacterial culture. In total, 25 animals (28.4%) were positive for NTM, while no MTBC was detected. The most often identified NTM was M. vaccae, followed by M. avium. Most animals positive for NTM did not show any macroscopic lesions. Furthermore, MAP was isolated from the head lymph nodes of two male red deer. Neither of the two MAP-positive animals had any macroscopic lesions in their head lymph nodes or any other signs of disease.
UNASSIGNED: The shooting sites of the two MAP-positive animals were located in Alpine pastures used for grazing of cattle during summer, which confirms that species transmission can occur when contaminated pastures are used by different species. In agreement with other studies, the occurrence of MAP in red deer was quite low. However, so far, MAP was mostly isolated from feces and intestinal lymph nodes of wild animals. This is the first detection of MAP in the head lymph nodes of red deer in Switzerland.
摘要：
■分枝杆菌科有超过188种，其中大多数是腐生非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）。在野生动物中，可以找到各种不同的NTM，关于它们致病潜力的不同报道。NTM的致病成员是鸟分枝杆菌ssp。副结核病（MAP），可以感染养殖和野生反刍动物。它导致副结核病，这是一种重要的经济慢性疾病。被感染的农场动物被认为是野生动物的感染源。野生动物,另一方面,被认为是结核分枝杆菌复合体（MTBC）某些成员的水库，比如M.Caprae,导致牛和马鹿的肺结核。
■瑞士于2014年实施了野生动物结核病监测计划。这里,我们描述了从马鹿收集的淋巴结样本的分枝杆菌培养结果，鹿,墨西哥,ibex,以及从2020年到2022年在该监视计划中收集的the。总的来说,我们对548只动物的样本进行了宏观检查,以确定是否存在结核样病变.
■总共，88只动物（16.1%），他们的淋巴结有病变，或者是男性，年龄超过5岁，使用分枝杆菌培养进行了研究。总的来说,25只动物（28.4%）的NTM阳性，而未检测到MTBC。最常见的NTM是母牛分枝杆菌，其次是M.avium.大多数NTM阳性的动物没有显示任何肉眼可见的损伤。此外，从两只雄性马鹿的头部淋巴结中分离出MAP。两只MAP阳性动物的头部淋巴结中没有任何肉眼可见的病变或任何其他疾病迹象。
■两只MAP阳性动物的射击地点位于夏季用于放牧牛的高山牧场中，这证实了当不同物种使用受污染的牧场时，可能会发生物种传播。与其他研究一致，马鹿的MAP发生率很低。然而,到目前为止,MAP主要从野生动物的粪便和肠淋巴结中分离出来。这是瑞士马鹿头部淋巴结中首次检测到MAP。
■瑞士于2014年实施了野生动物结核病监测计划。这里,我们描述了从马鹿收集的淋巴结样本的分枝杆菌培养结果，鹿,墨西哥,ibex,以及从2020年到2022年在该监视计划中收集的the。总的来说,我们对548只动物的样本进行了宏观检查,以确定是否存在结核样病变.
■总共，88只动物（16.1%），他们的淋巴结有病变，或者是男性，年龄超过5岁，使用分枝杆菌培养进行了研究。总的来说,25只动物（28.4%）的NTM阳性，而未检测到MTBC。最常见的NTM是母牛分枝杆菌，其次是M.avium.大多数NTM阳性的动物没有显示任何肉眼可见的损伤。此外，从两只雄性马鹿的头部淋巴结中分离出MAP。两只MAP阳性动物的头部淋巴结中没有任何肉眼可见的病变或任何其他疾病迹象。
■两只MAP阳性动物的射击地点位于夏季用于放牧牛的高山牧场中，这证实了当不同物种使用受污染的牧场时，可能会发生物种传播。与其他研究一致，马鹿的MAP发生率很低。然而,到目前为止,MAP主要从野生动物的粪便和肠淋巴结中分离出来。这是瑞士马鹿头部淋巴结中首次检测到MAP。
