PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The introduction and establishment of invasive species in regions outside their native range, is one of the major threats for the conservation of ecosystems, affecting native organisms and the habitat where they live in, causing substantial biological and monetary losses worldwide. Due to the impact of invasive species, it is important to understand what makes some species more invasive than others. Here, by simulating populations using a forward-in-time approach combining ecological and single polymorphic nucleotides (SNPs) we evaluated the relation between propagule size (number of individuals = 2, 10, 100, and 1,000), extinction rate (with values 2%, 5%, 10%, and 20%), and initial heterozygosity (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) on the population survival and maintenance of the heterozygosity of a simulated invasive crab species over 30 generations assuming a single introduction. Our results revealed that simulated invasive populations with initial propagule sizes of 2-1,000 individuals experiencing a high extinction rate (10-20% per generation) were able to maintain over 50% of their initial heterozygosity during the first generations and that under scenarios with lower extinction rates invasive populations with initial propagule sizes of 10-1,000 individuals can survive up to 30 generations and maintain 60-100% of their initial heterozygosity. Our results can help other researchers better understand, how species with small propagule sizes and low heterozygosities can become successful invaders.
摘要：
在本土范围以外的地区引进和建立入侵物种，是保护生态系统的主要威胁之一，影响本地生物和它们生活的栖息地，在全球范围内造成巨大的生物和金钱损失。由于入侵物种的影响，重要的是要了解是什么使某些物种比其他物种更具侵入性。这里,通过使用结合生态和单多态核苷酸（SNP）的正向方法模拟种群，我们评估了繁殖体大小（个体数量=2、10、100和1,000）之间的关系，消光率(值2%，5%,10%,和20%)，和初始杂合性（0.1、0.3和0.5）对假设单次引入的30代模拟入侵蟹物种的种群存活和杂合性的维持。我们的结果表明，初始繁殖体为2-1,000个个体的模拟入侵种群在第一代期间能够保持其初始杂合性的50％以上（每代10-20％），并且在较低的情况下灭绝率初始繁殖体为10-1,000个个体的入侵种群可以存活30代，并保持其初始杂合性的60-100％。我们的研究结果可以帮助其他研究人员更好地理解，具有小繁殖体大小和低杂合度的物种如何成为成功的入侵者。
