PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
With an increase in the progression of research and development in the medical field, the experimental use of animals for the efficacy and safety testing of pharmaceuticals is on rise. Every year, millions of animals are used for experimental testing during which these suffer from pain and are then eventually sacrificed. Besides bioethical issues, animal experimentation is associated with many disadvantages like high cost, the requirement of skilled manpower, approval, and is time-consuming. Therefore, attempts have been made by researchers to design and develop a number of alternative methods that could bypass animal experiments. These methods not only give accurate results but can also save lives of millions of animals annually. Research techniques, including computer and robotics together with molecular biology techniques, are applied to discover new methods to replace animal testing. Several alternative methods are discussed in this review. Some of these methods can predict the behavior of drugs accurately and are as reliable as in-vivo animal models. Furthermore, these alternative methods offer a variety of advantages over experimental animals. However, there is still a great need to discover and develop new, accurate, and reliable methods to replace experimental animals.
摘要：
随着医学领域研究和开发的进展，使用动物进行药物功效和安全性测试的实验正在增加。每年,数百万只动物被用于实验测试，在此期间这些动物遭受疼痛，然后最终被处死。除了生物伦理问题，动物实验与许多缺点有关，例如高成本，熟练人力的要求，批准,而且很耗时。因此,研究人员已经尝试设计和开发许多可以绕过动物实验的替代方法。这些方法不仅提供准确的结果，而且每年还可以挽救数百万动物的生命。研究技术,包括计算机和机器人技术以及分子生物学技术，用于发现替代动物试验的新方法。本文讨论了几种替代方法。这些方法中的一些可以准确地预测药物的行为，并且与体内动物模型一样可靠。此外，与实验动物相比，这些替代方法具有多种优势。然而,仍然非常需要发现和开发新的，准确,和替代实验动物的可靠方法。
