Abstract：
The novel bovine viral infection known as lumpy skin disease is common in most African and Middle Eastern countries, with a significant likelihood of disease transfer to Asia and Europe. Recent rapid disease spread in formerly disease-free zones highlights the need of understanding disease limits and distribution mechanisms. Capripox virus, the causal agent, may also cause sheeppox and Goatpox. Even though the virus is expelled through several bodily fluids and excretions, the most common causes of infection include sperm and skin sores. Thus, vulnerable hosts are mostly infected mechanically by hematophagous arthropods such as biting flies, mosquitoes, and ticks. As a result, milk production lowers, abortions, permanent or temporary sterility, hide damage, and mortality occur, contributing to a massive financial loss for countries that raise cattle. These illnesses are economically significant because they affect international trade. The spread of Capripox viruses appears to be spreading because to a lack of effectual vaccinations and poverty in rural areas. Lumpy skin disease has reached historic levels; as a consequence, vaccination remains the only viable option to keep the illness from spreading in endemic as well as newly impacted areas. This study is intended to offer a full update on existing knowledge of the disease\'s pathological characteristics, mechanisms of spread, transmission, control measures, and available vaccinations.
摘要：
被称为块状皮肤病的新型牛病毒感染在大多数非洲和中东国家很常见，疾病转移到亚洲和欧洲的可能性很大。最近疾病在以前的无病区迅速传播，这凸显了了解疾病限制和分布机制的必要性。羊痘病毒,因果代理，也可能导致羊痘和山痘。即使病毒通过几种体液和排泄物排出，最常见的感染原因包括精子和皮肤疮。因此，脆弱的宿主大多被吸血节肢动物机械感染，如叮咬的苍蝇，蚊子,和蜱。因此,牛奶产量下降，堕胎,永久性或暂时性不育，隐藏伤害，和死亡发生，给养牛的国家造成了巨大的经济损失。这些疾病具有重要的经济意义，因为它们会影响国际贸易。由于农村地区缺乏有效的疫苗接种和贫困，羊痘病毒的传播似乎正在蔓延。块状皮肤病已达到历史水平；因此，疫苗接种仍然是防止疾病在流行和新受影响地区传播的唯一可行选择。本研究旨在提供对该疾病病理特征的现有知识的全面更新，传播机制，传输,控制措施,和可用的疫苗接种。
