Abstract：
Chromosomal instability (CIN), an increased rate of chromosome segregation errors during mitosis, is a hallmark of cancer cells. CIN leads to karyotype differences between cells and thus large-scale heterogeneity among individual cancer cells; therefore, it plays an important role in cancer evolution. Studying CIN and its consequences is technically challenging, but various technologies have been developed to track karyotype dynamics during tumorigenesis, trace clonal lineages and link genomic changes to cancer phenotypes at single-cell resolution. These methods provide valuable insight not only into the role of CIN in cancer progression, but also into cancer cell fitness. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we discuss the relationship between CIN, cancer cell fitness and evolution, and highlight techniques that can be used to study the relationship between these factors. To that end, we explore methods of assessing cancer cell fitness, particularly for chromosomally unstable cancer.
摘要：
染色体不稳定(CIN),有丝分裂期间染色体分离错误的发生率增加，是癌细胞的标志.CIN导致细胞之间的核型差异，从而导致单个癌细胞之间的大规模异质性；因此，它在癌症进化中起着重要作用。研究CIN及其后果在技术上具有挑战性，但是已经开发了各种技术来跟踪肿瘤发生过程中的核型动态，追踪克隆谱系，并以单细胞分辨率将基因组变化与癌症表型联系起来。这些方法不仅为CIN在癌症进展中的作用提供了有价值的见解，而且还涉及癌细胞的适应性。在这篇细胞科学概览文章和随附的海报中，我们讨论了CIN之间的关系，癌细胞适应性和进化，并强调可用于研究这些因素之间关系的技术。为此,我们探索评估癌细胞适应性的方法，特别是染色体不稳定的癌症。
