PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In the wake of rising rabies cases worldwide, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is time to understand the scenario better and suggest technically sound and plausible countermeasures. This article is an attempt at this perspective. Although a critical zoonotic viral disease, rabies is preventable. Medico-legally, the ailment is classified as furious rabies and paralytic rabies. The four world bodies, namely, the World Health Organisation (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), and the Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC) endorsed framing a global support system to eradicate human death from dog-mediated rabies under the \'Zero by 30\' framework. The framework calls for extending the vaccination of dogs to reduce the risk of human rabies. Stray dogs became aggressive primarily due to their food shortage during the pandemic lockdown. As many adopted stray dogs were disowned post-pandemic, decreased human-dog interactions increased the aggressiveness among dogs. As a result, \'dog-bite\' cases rose, with a sudden spike in rabies cases and dog-bite-induced deaths in India and elsewhere. Jeopardising the \'Zero by 30\' plan is certainly a public health concern. Stray dog sterilisation through the irreversible ductal occlusion technique and reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG) are other suggested interventions to control rabies. Importantly, wildlife like foxes, raccoons, skunks, and bats could also be rabid. Three out of the four WHO-pre-qualified human vaccines against rabies are intradermally administered as post-exposure prophylaxis, while the intramuscular one is more popular. Even though \'Zero by 30\' may not be achieved within the set timeframe, it is time for a concerted and planned strategy by global agencies to curb the globally rising rabies cases and manage the disease better. The \'One Health\' model seems to be a plausible guideline and the ultimate countermeasure to achieve this.
摘要：
在全球狂犬病病例上升之后，特别是在COVID-19大流行之后，现在是时候更好地了解情况，并提出技术上合理和合理的对策。本文正是在这个视角下的尝试。虽然是一种严重的人畜共患病毒性疾病，狂犬病是可以预防的。医学法律上，这种疾病被归类为狂暴狂犬病和麻痹性狂犬病。四个世界机构，即,世界卫生组织（WHO）联合国粮食及农业组织(粮农组织)世界动物卫生组织(OIE)全球狂犬病控制联盟（GARC）批准建立一个全球支持系统，以在“零30”框架下消除狗介导的狂犬病造成的人类死亡。该框架要求扩大狗的疫苗接种范围，以降低人类狂犬病的风险。流浪狗变得咄咄逼人，主要是因为它们在大流行封锁期间食物短缺。由于许多被收养的流浪狗在大流行后被抛弃，减少的人与狗的相互作用增加了狗之间的攻击性。因此,“狗咬”案件上升，印度和其他地方的狂犬病病例和狗咬伤导致的死亡突然激增。威胁“30年前零”计划无疑是一个公共卫生问题。通过不可逆的导管闭塞技术和指导下的精子可逆抑制（RISUG）对流浪犬进行灭菌是控制狂犬病的其他建议干预措施。重要的是,像狐狸这样的野生动物，浣熊,臭鼬,蝙蝠也可能是狂犬病。4种世卫组织预先合格的狂犬病人用疫苗中，有3种作为暴露后预防皮内给药，而肌内注射的更受欢迎。即使在设定的时间范围内可能无法实现\'30之前的零\'，现在是全球机构采取协调一致和有计划的战略的时候了，以遏制全球狂犬病病例的上升，并更好地管理这种疾病。“一个健康”模式似乎是一个合理的指导方针，也是实现这一目标的最终对策。
