PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between diet quality and cognitive performance, indicating that improving diet quality may be beneficial in preventing cognitive decline in older adults. However, few study has investigated the causal relationship between diet quality and cognitive performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the causal effects of diet quality on cognitive performance in Chinese adults aged 55 years and older. Particularly, we utilize the Chinese Diet Quality Index (CHEI), a dietary assessment tool tailored for Chinese populations, as a proxy for older adults\' diet quality.
METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]55 years old) conducted in 2004 and 2006. Cognitive function was tested by a subset of items from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified (TICS-m). Data on dietary intake was retrieved from three consecutive 24 hour recalls by participants and its quality was assessed by the 17-items Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI). An Instrumental Variable technique was used to deal with the potential endogeneity of dietary quality. The instrumental variable used in our study is the community mean of CHEI.
RESULTS: After adjusting for socio-demographic factors (age, gender, education, per capita household income), lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI), and chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes), our findings revealed that improving diet quality had a significant positive effect on cognitive performance ([Formula: see text]), particularly in females aged 55-65 years ([Formula: see text]) and females with primary education and below ([Formula: see text]).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that improving diet quality and adhering to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese may enhance cognitive performance in Chinese adults aged 55 years and older.
METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]55 years old) conducted in 2004 and 2006. Cognitive function was tested by a subset of items from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified (TICS-m). Data on dietary intake was retrieved from three consecutive 24 hour recalls by participants and its quality was assessed by the 17-items Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI). An Instrumental Variable technique was used to deal with the potential endogeneity of dietary quality. The instrumental variable used in our study is the community mean of CHEI.
RESULTS: After adjusting for socio-demographic factors (age, gender, education, per capita household income), lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI), and chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes), our findings revealed that improving diet quality had a significant positive effect on cognitive performance ([Formula: see text]), particularly in females aged 55-65 years ([Formula: see text]) and females with primary education and below ([Formula: see text]).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that improving diet quality and adhering to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese may enhance cognitive performance in Chinese adults aged 55 years and older.
摘要：
背景：许多研究表明，饮食质量与认知能力之间存在正相关，这表明改善饮食质量可能有助于预防老年人的认知能力下降。然而,很少有研究调查饮食质量和认知能力之间的因果关系。这项研究的目的是评估饮食质量对55岁及以上中国成年人认知能力的因果影响。特别是,我们利用中国饮食质量指数(CHEI)，为中国人群量身定制的饮食评估工具，作为老年人饮食质量的代表。
方法：数据来自中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）（[公式：见正文]，[公式：见文字]55岁）于2004年和2006年进行。认知功能通过认知状态修正电话访谈（TICS-m）中的一部分项目进行了测试。从参与者连续3次24小时的召回中获取饮食摄入量数据，并通过17项中国健康饮食指数（CHEI）评估其质量。使用工具变量技术来处理饮食质量的潜在内生性。我们研究中使用的工具变量是CHEI的社区平均值。
结果：在调整社会人口因素(年龄，性别,教育,人均家庭收入)，生活习惯(吸烟，酒精消费,身体活动,BMI），和慢性疾病（高血压，糖尿病)，我们的发现表明，改善饮食质量对认知表现有显著的积极影响([公式：见正文])，特别是55-65岁的女性([公式:见正文])和受过小学及以下教育的女性([公式:见正文])。
结论：我们的研究表明，改善中国人的饮食质量和遵守中国人的饮食指南可能会提高中国55岁及以上成年人的认知能力。
方法：数据来自中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）（[公式：见正文]，[公式：见文字]55岁）于2004年和2006年进行。认知功能通过认知状态修正电话访谈（TICS-m）中的一部分项目进行了测试。从参与者连续3次24小时的召回中获取饮食摄入量数据，并通过17项中国健康饮食指数（CHEI）评估其质量。使用工具变量技术来处理饮食质量的潜在内生性。我们研究中使用的工具变量是CHEI的社区平均值。
结果：在调整社会人口因素(年龄，性别,教育,人均家庭收入)，生活习惯(吸烟，酒精消费,身体活动,BMI），和慢性疾病（高血压，糖尿病)，我们的发现表明，改善饮食质量对认知表现有显著的积极影响([公式：见正文])，特别是55-65岁的女性([公式:见正文])和受过小学及以下教育的女性([公式:见正文])。
结论：我们的研究表明，改善中国人的饮食质量和遵守中国人的饮食指南可能会提高中国55岁及以上成年人的认知能力。
