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Abstract：
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematological malignancy and is distinguished by the aberrant proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells inside the bone marrow and production of M-protein. This condition frequently results in bone deterioration, acute kidney damage, anemia, and hypercalcemia. However, the clinical manifestations and accompanying symptoms of MM vary and may change as the condition evolves. Therefore, diagnosis of MM is difficult. At present, the confirmation of MM diagnosis necessitates the use of bone marrow biopsy, a procedure that is both invasive and challenging for assessing dynamic alterations in the disease. The integration of laboratory testing technologies with imaging technology has the potential to enhance the diagnostic effectiveness and provide a thorough evaluation of disease progression and prognosis in patients with MM. All the examination methods have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, diagnosis is determined by the application of clinical characteristics, serological tests, and imaging investigations.
摘要：
多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是第二常见的血液恶性肿瘤,其特征在于骨髓内单克隆浆细胞的异常增殖和M-蛋白的产生。这种情况经常导致骨骼退化，急性肾损伤,贫血,和高钙血症。然而,MM的临床表现和伴随症状各不相同，并可能随着病情的发展而变化。因此,MM的诊断是困难的。目前,确认MM诊断需要使用骨髓活检，评估疾病动态改变的侵入性和挑战性的程序。实验室测试技术与成像技术的整合有可能提高诊断效果，并对MM患者的疾病进展和预后进行全面评估。所有的考试方法都有优点和缺点。因此,诊断取决于临床特征的应用，血清学试验,和影像调查。
