Abstract：
Seed nano-priming can be used as an advanced technology for enhancing seed germination, plant growth, and crop productivity; however, the potential role of seed nano-priming in ameliorative cadmium (Cd) bio-toxicity under Cd stress has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, in this study we investigated the beneficial impacts of seed priming with low (L) and high (H) concentrations of nanoparticles including nSiO2 (50/100 mg L-1), nTiO2 (20/60 mg L-1), nZnO (50/100 mg L-1), nFe3O4 (100/200 mg L-1), nCuO (50/100 mg L-1), and nCeO2 (50/100 mg L-1) on lettuce growth and antioxidant enzyme activities aiming to assess their efficacy for enhancing plant growth and reducing Cd phytotoxicity. The results showed a significant increase in plant growth, biomass production, antioxidant enzyme activities, and photosynthetic efficiency in lettuce treated with nano-primed nSiH + Cd (100 mg L-1), nTiH + Cd (60 mg L-1), and nZnL + Cd (50 mg L-1) under Cd stress. Moreover, nano-priming effectively reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in lettuce shoots. Interestingly, nano-primed nSiH + Cd, nTiH + Cd, and nZnL + Cd demonstrated efficient reduction of Cd uptake, less translocation factor of Cd with high tolerance index, ultimately reducing toxicity by stabilizing the root morphology and superior accumulation of critical nutrients (K, Mg, Ca, Fe, and Zn). Thus, this study provides the first evidence of alleviating Cd toxicity in lettuce by using multiple nanoparticles via priming strategy. The findings highlight the potential of nanoparticles (Si, Zn, and Ti) as stress mitigation agents for improved crop growth and yield in Cd contaminated areas, thereby offering a promising and advanced approach for remediation of Cd contaminated environments.
摘要：
种子纳米引发技术可作为提高种子萌发的先进技术,植物生长,和作物生产力；然而，种子纳米引发在镉胁迫下改善镉（Cd）生物毒性的潜在作用尚未得到充分研究。因此,在这项研究中，我们调查了种子引发的有益影响与低（L）和高（H）浓度的纳米粒子，包括nSiO2（50/100mgL-1），nTiO2（20/60mgL-1），nZnO（50/100mgL-1），nFe3O4（100/200mgL-1），nCuO（50/100mgL-1），和nCeO2（50/100mgL-1）对莴苣生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响，旨在评估其增强植物生长和降低Cd植物毒性的功效。结果表明，植物生长显著增加，生物质生产，抗氧化酶活性，用纳米引发的nSiH+Cd(100mgL-1)处理的莴苣的光合效率，nTiH+Cd（60mgL-1），和Cd胁迫下的nZnL+Cd(50mgL-1)。此外，纳米引发可有效降低莴苣芽中活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）的积累。有趣的是,纳米底漆nSiH+Cd，nTiH+Cd,和nZnL+Cd证明了Cd吸收的有效降低，具有高耐性指数的Cd易位因子较少，最终通过稳定根系形态和关键养分的优异积累来降低毒性(K，Mg,Ca,Fe,和锌）。因此，这项研究提供了通过启动策略使用多个纳米颗粒减轻生菜中Cd毒性的第一个证据。这些发现突出了纳米粒子的潜力(Si，Zn,和Ti）作为缓解Cd污染地区作物生长和产量的缓解剂，从而为修复Cd污染环境提供了一种有前途的先进方法。
