Abstract：
Nighttime heat is an important factor in heat-health outcomes, though nighttime heat exposure and its impacts are poorly understood. We assessed overnight heat in indoor (n = 12) and outdoor (n = 3) living spaces in Knoxville, Tennessee, using iButton Hygrochrons in August 2021. Indoor sleep spaces, all of which were air conditioned, reported a variety of overnight conditions. Indoor sleep spaces were both warmer and cooler than outdoor temperatures overnight, and some participants noted having physical health effects of overnight heat in their homes. Downtown outdoor sleep spaces, including a park and encampment, exhibited an urban heat island signal, staying warmer than other outdoor areas. Future research should focus on the intensity and length of the overnight recovery period for individuals and how that affects heat-health outcomes, especially after being exposed to daytime heat. Specifically, do homes reach a cool enough temperature for recovery, and do outdoor sleeping spaces offer a long enough and cool enough period for recovery? We provide some recommendations for such future studies, including (1) focus on purposeful sampling, (2) use deliberate sensor placement for representative results, (3) prepare for participant drop-off due to non-compliance and technological problems, and (4) strategically gather demographic information.
摘要：
夜间热量是热量健康结果的重要因素，尽管人们对夜间热暴露及其影响知之甚少。我们评估了诺克斯维尔室内（n=12）和室外（n=3）生活空间的夜间热量，田纳西州,在2021年8月使用iButtonHygrochrons。室内睡眠空间，所有这些都是空调，报告了各种隔夜条件。室内睡眠空间比室外温度更温暖，更凉爽，一些参与者注意到他们家中夜间高温对身体健康有影响。市区户外睡眠空间，包括公园和营地,展示了城市热岛信号，保持温暖比其他户外区域。未来的研究应该关注个人夜间恢复期的强度和长度，以及这如何影响热健康结果。尤其是暴露在白天的高温下。具体来说,房屋是否达到足够凉爽的温度才能恢复，和室外睡眠空间提供足够长的时间和足够凉爽的恢复时间吗？我们为此类未来的研究提供了一些建议，包括(1)注重有目的的抽样，(2)使用有代表性的传感器放置，（3）为因不合规和技术问题而导致的参与者下车做准备，(4)战略性地收集人口统计信息。
