Abstract：
It is apparent that Biocatalysts are shaping the future by providing a more sustainable approach to established chemical processes. Industrial processes rely heavily on the use of toxic compounds and high energy or pH reactions, factors that both contributes to the worsening climate crisis. Enzymes found in bacterial systems and other microorganisms, from the glaciers of the Arctic to the sandy deserts of Abu Dhabi, provide key tools and understanding as to how we can progress in the biotechnology sector. These extremophilic bacteria harness the adaptive enzymes capable of withstanding harsh reaction conditions in terms of stability and reactivity. Carbohydrate-active enzymes, including glycoside hydrolases or carbohydrate esterases, are extremely beneficial for the presence and future of biocatalysis. Their involvement in the industry spans from laundry detergents to paper and pulp treatment by degrading oligo/polysaccharides into their monomeric products in almost all detrimental environments. This includes exceedingly high temperatures, pHs or even in the absence of water. In this review, we discuss the structure and function of different glycoside hydrolases from extremophiles, and how they can be applied to industrial-scale reactions to replace the use of harsh chemicals, reduce waste, or decrease energy consumption.
摘要：
显然，生物催化剂通过为已建立的化学过程提供更可持续的方法来塑造未来。工业过程严重依赖有毒化合物的使用和高能或pH反应，这两个因素都导致了气候危机的恶化。在细菌系统和其他微生物中发现的酶，从北极的冰川到阿布扎比的沙质沙漠，提供关键工具和了解我们如何在生物技术领域取得进展。这些嗜极端细菌利用能够在稳定性和反应性方面承受苛刻反应条件的适应性酶。碳水化合物活性酶，包括糖苷水解酶或碳水化合物酯酶，对生物催化的存在和未来极为有利。通过在几乎所有有害环境中将低聚/多糖降解成它们的单体产物,它们在工业中的参与范围从洗衣洗涤剂到纸张和纸浆处理。这包括极高的温度，甚至在没有水的情况下。在这次审查中,我们讨论了来自极端微生物的不同糖苷水解酶的结构和功能，以及它们如何应用于工业规模的反应以取代苛刻化学品的使用，减少浪费,或减少能源消耗。
