Abstract：
Identifying structure-function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus (pimfs-v) in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents, we tested whether this relationship extended to a different sample, age group, and reasoning task. As predicted, the presence of this aLPFC sulcus was also associated with higher reasoning scores in young adults (ages 22-36). These findings have not only direct developmental, but also evolutionary relevance-as recent work shows that the pimfs-v is exceedingly rare in chimpanzees. Thus, the pimfs-v is a key developmental, cognitive, and evolutionarily relevant feature that should be considered in future studies examining how the complex relationships among multiscale anatomical and functional features of the brain give rise to abstract thought.
摘要：
识别结构-功能对应关系是生物学家的主要目标，认知神经科学家，和大脑映射器。最近的研究已经确定了认知任务的表现与是否存在小的，浅压痕,或沟，人类的大脑。在先前发现的基础上，左前外侧前额叶皮层（aLPFC）中腹侧中间额叶沟（pimfs-v）的存在与儿童和青少年的推理任务表现有关，我们测试了这种关系是否扩展到不同的样本，年龄组,和推理任务。正如预测的那样，在年轻人(22~36岁)中,该aLPFC沟的存在也与较高的推理评分相关.这些发现不仅直接发展，但也是进化的相关性-最近的工作表明，pimfs-v在黑猩猩中极为罕见。因此，pimfs-v是一个关键的发展，认知，和进化相关的特征，应该在未来的研究中考虑，研究大脑多尺度解剖和功能特征之间的复杂关系如何引起抽象思维。
