PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Guinea pigs are often used in translational research, but providing them with safe and effective anesthesia is a challenge. Common methods like inhalant anesthesia and injectable ketamine/xylazine induce surgical anesthesia but can negatively affect cardiovascular, respiratory, and thermoregulatory systems and complicate the interpretation of research outcomes. Several alternative anesthetic regimens have been investigated, but none have consistently achieved a surgical plane of anesthesia. Therefore, identifying an anesthetic regimen that achieves a stable state of the surgical plane of anesthesia while preserving cardiorespiratory function would be a valuable contribution. To address this issue, we compared the efficacy of 3 anesthetic combinations in female Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs: 1) alfaxalone, dexmedetomidine, and fentanyl (ADF); 2) alfaxalone, midazolam, and fentanyl (AMF); and 3) alfaxalone, midazolam, fentanyl, and isoflurane (AMFIso). We monitored anesthetic depth, heart rate, oxygenation, respiratory rate, respiratory effort, blood pressure, and body temperature every 15 min from injection to recovery. We also recorded the time to loss of righting reflex, duration of anesthesia, and time to achieve a surgical plane. The results showed no statistically significant differences in induction and recovery times among the groups. In the AMFIso group, 100% of the animals achieved a surgical plane of anesthesia, whereas only 10% of the animals in the AMF group reached that level. None of the animals in ADF group reached a surgical plane of anesthesia. Respiratory rate was significantly lower in the AMFIso as compared with the ADF group (P < 0.001) but was not different between the AMF and ADF groups. Temperature was significantly lower in the AMFIso group as compared with both the ADF and AMF groups (P < 0.001). In conclusion, both combinations of solely injectable anesthetics assessed in this study can be used for short, nonpainful procedures without significant cardiorespiratory depression. However, for mildly to moderately painful surgical procedures, the addition of an inhalant anesthetic like isoflurane is necessary for female guinea pigs.
摘要：
豚鼠经常用于转化研究，但是为他们提供安全有效的麻醉是一个挑战。常见的方法，如吸入麻醉和注射氯胺酮/赛拉嗪诱导手术麻醉，但会对心血管产生负面影响，呼吸,和体温调节系统，并使研究结果的解释复杂化。已经研究了几种替代的麻醉方案，但是没有一个人始终如一地实现了手术麻醉。因此,确定在保持心肺功能的同时实现手术麻醉平面稳定状态的麻醉方案将是一个有价值的贡献.为了解决这个问题，我们比较了3种麻醉药组合在雌性Dunkin-Hartley豚鼠中的疗效：1）阿尔法沙酮，右美托咪定,和芬太尼（ADF）；2）阿法沙酮，咪达唑仑,和芬太尼（AMF）；和3）阿法沙酮，咪达唑仑,芬太尼,和异氟烷（AMFiso）。我们监测了麻醉深度,心率,氧合，呼吸频率,呼吸努力，血压,和体温从注射到恢复每15分钟。我们还记录了矫正反射丧失的时间，麻醉持续时间，和时间来实现一个手术平面。结果显示各组之间的诱导和恢复时间没有统计学上的显着差异。在AMFIso集团中，100%的动物实现了手术麻醉，而AMF组中只有10％的动物达到该水平。ADF组中的动物均未达到麻醉的手术平面。与ADF组相比，AMFIso的呼吸频率显着降低（P<0.001），但AMF和ADF组之间没有差异。与ADF和AMF组相比，AMFiso组的温度显着降低（P<0.001）。总之,本研究中评估的两种单独注射麻醉药的组合可以简称为，无明显心肺抑制的非疼痛手术。然而,轻度到中度疼痛的外科手术，对于雌性豚鼠，必须加入吸入麻醉剂如异氟烷。
