Abstract：
Growth factors play a pivotal role in orchestrating cellular growth and division by binding to specific cell surface receptors. Dysregulation of growth factor production or activity can contribute to the uncontrolled cell proliferation observed in cancer. Peptide-based nanoformulations (PNFs) have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies for growth factor-deficient cancers. PNFs offer multifaceted capabilities including targeted delivery, imaging modalities, combination therapies, resistance modulation, and personalized medicine approaches. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including limited specificity, stability, pharmacokinetics, tissue penetration, toxicity, and immunogenicity. To address these challenges and optimize PNFs for clinical translation, in-depth investigations are warranted. Future research should focus on elucidating the intricate interplay between peptides and nanoparticles, developing robust spectroscopic and computational methodologies, and establishing a comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationship governing peptide-nanoparticle interactions. Bridging these knowledge gaps will propel the translation of peptide-nanoparticle therapies from bench to bedside. While a few peptide-nanoparticle drugs have obtained FDA approval for cancer treatment, the integration of nanostructured platforms with peptide-based medications holds tremendous potential to expedite the implementation of innovative anticancer interventions. Therefore, growth factor-deficient cancers present both challenges and opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions, with peptide-based nanoformulations positioned as a promising avenue. Nonetheless, concerted research and development endeavors are essential to optimize the specificity, stability, and safety profiles of PNFs, thereby advancing the field of peptide-based nanotherapeutics in the realm of oncology research.
摘要：
生长因子通过与特定的细胞表面受体结合在协调细胞生长和分裂中起关键作用。生长因子产生或活性的失调可导致在癌症中观察到的不受控制的细胞增殖。基于肽的纳米制剂（PNFs）已成为生长因子缺陷型癌症的有希望的治疗策略。PNF提供多方面的功能，包括有针对性的交付，成像模式，联合疗法,电阻调制,和个性化医疗方法。然而，仍然存在一些挑战，包括有限的特异性，稳定性,药代动力学，组织渗透，毒性,和免疫原性。为了应对这些挑战并优化PNF以进行临床翻译，有必要进行深入的调查。未来的研究应该集中在阐明肽和纳米颗粒之间复杂的相互作用，开发强大的光谱和计算方法，并建立对控制肽-纳米颗粒相互作用的结构-活性关系的全面理解。弥合这些知识差距将推动肽纳米颗粒疗法从工作台到床边的翻译。虽然一些肽纳米颗粒药物已获得FDA批准用于癌症治疗，纳米结构平台与基于肽的药物的整合在加速实施创新抗癌干预措施方面具有巨大潜力.因此,缺乏生长因子的癌症为有针对性的治疗干预带来了挑战和机遇，将基于肽的纳米制剂定位为有希望的途径。尽管如此，协调一致的研究和开发努力对于优化特异性至关重要，稳定性,和PNF的安全概况，从而推进了肿瘤学研究领域中基于肽的纳米治疗领域。
