Abstract：
Hypothesis-driven research rests on clearly articulated scientific theories. The building blocks for communicating these theories are scientific terms. Obviously, communication - and thus, scientific progress - is hampered if the meaning of these terms varies idiosyncratically across (sub)fields and even across individual researchers within the same subfield. We have formed an international group of experts representing various theoretical stances with the goal to homogenize the use of the terms that are most relevant to fundamental research on visual distraction in visual search. Our discussions revealed striking heterogeneity and we had to invest much time and effort to increase our mutual understanding of each other\'s use of central terms, which turned out to be strongly related to our respective theoretical positions. We present the outcomes of these discussions in a glossary and provide some context in several essays. Specifically, we explicate how central terms are used in the distraction literature and consensually sharpen their definitions in order to enable communication across theoretical standpoints. Where applicable, we also explain how the respective constructs can be measured. We believe that this novel type of adversarial collaboration can serve as a model for other fields of psychological research that strive to build a solid groundwork for theorizing and communicating by establishing a common language. For the field of visual distraction, the present paper should facilitate communication across theoretical standpoints and may serve as an introduction and reference text for newcomers.
摘要：
假设驱动的研究依赖于清晰阐述的科学理论。传达这些理论的基石是科学术语。显然,通信-因此，科学进步-如果这些术语的含义在（子）领域甚至在同一子领域内的个体研究人员之间具有特殊差异，则会受到阻碍。我们已经成立了一个代表各种理论立场的国际专家组，其目标是使与视觉搜索中视觉干扰的基础研究最相关的术语的使用均匀化。我们的讨论揭示了惊人的异质性，我们不得不投入大量的时间和精力来增加我们对彼此使用中心术语的相互理解，这与我们各自的理论立场密切相关。我们在词汇表中介绍了这些讨论的结果，并在几篇文章中提供了一些背景。具体来说,我们解释了如何在分散注意力的文献中使用中心术语，并同意加强它们的定义，以便能够跨理论观点进行交流。如果适用,我们还解释了如何测量各自的结构。我们相信，这种新型的对抗性合作可以作为心理学研究其他领域的典范，这些领域努力通过建立通用语言为理论和交流奠定坚实的基础。对于视觉分心领域，本文应促进跨理论观点的交流，并可作为新移民的介绍和参考文本。
