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Abstract：
Duroc pigs are popular crossbred terminal sires, and accurate assessment of genetic parameters in the population can help to rationalize breeding programmes. The principle aim of this study were to evaluate the genetic parameters of production (birth weight, BW; age at 115 kg, AGE; feed conversion ratio, FCR) and body size (body length, BL; body height, BH; front cannon circumference, FCC) traits of Duroc pigs. The second objective was to analyze the fit of different genetic assessment models. The variance components and correlations of BW (28,348 records), AGE (28,335 records), FCR (11,135 records), BL (31,544 records), BH (21,862 records), and FCC (14,684 records) traits were calculated by using DMU and AIREMLF90 from BLUPF90 package. In the common environment model, the heritability of BW, AGE, FCR, BL, BH, and FCC traits were 0.17 ± 0.014, 0.30 ± 0.019, 0.28 ± 0.024, 0.16 ± 0.013, 0.14 ± 0.017, and 0.081 ± 0.016, with common litter effect values of 0.25, 0.20, 0.18, 0.23, 0.19, and 0.16, respectively. According to the results of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) calculations, models with smaller AIC values have a better fit. We found that the common environment model with litter effects as random effects for estimating genetic parameters had a better fit. In this Model, the estimated genetic correlations between AGE with BW, FCR, BL, BH, and FCC traits were -0.28 (0.040), 0.76 (0.038), -0.71 (0.036), -0.44 (0.060), and -0.60 (0.073), respectively, with phenotypic correlations of -0.17, 0.52, -0.22, -0.13 and -0.24, respectively. In our analysis of genetic trends for six traits in the Duroc population from 2012 to 2021, we observed significant genetic trends for AGE, BL, and BH. Particularly noteworthy is the rapid decline in the genetic trend for AGE, indicating an enhancement in the pig\'s growth rate through selective breeding. Therefore, we believe that some challenging-to-select traits can benefit from the genetic correlations between traits. By selecting easily measurable traits, they can gain from synergistic selection effects, leading to genetic progress. Conducting population genetic parameter analysis can assist us in devising breeding strategies.
摘要：
杜洛克猪是流行的杂交终端母猪,准确评估种群中的遗传参数可以帮助合理化育种计划。这项研究的主要目的是评估生产的遗传参数(出生体重，BW；年龄115公斤，年龄；饲料转化率，FCR)和车身尺寸(车身长度，BL;车身高度,BH；前炮围，杜洛克猪的FCC)性状。第二个目标是分析不同遗传评估模型的拟合度。BW的方差分量和相关性(28,348条记录)，年龄（28,335记录），FCR（11,135条记录），BL（31,544条记录），BH（21,862条记录），使用BLUPF90软件包中的DMU和AIREMLF90计算了FCC(14684条记录)性状。在公共环境模型中，BW的遗传力，年龄,FCR,BL,BH,和FCC性状分别为0.17±0.014、0.30±0.019、0.28±0.024、0.16±0.013、0.14±0.017和0.081±0.016，常见凋落物效应值分别为0.25、0.20、0.18、0.23、0.19和0.16。根据Akaike信息准则(AIC)计算结果，具有较小AIC值的模型具有更好的拟合度。我们发现，以凋落物效应为随机效应的共同环境模型用于估计遗传参数具有更好的拟合性。在这个模型中,估计AGE与BW之间的遗传相关性，FCR,BL,BH,FCC性状为-0.28(0.040)，0.76(0.038),-0.71(0.036),-0.44(0.060),和-0.60（0.073），分别,表型相关性分别为-0.17、0.52、-0.22、-0.13和-0.24。在我们对2012年至2021年Duroc种群中六个性状的遗传趋势分析中，我们观察到了AGE的显着遗传趋势，BL,还有BH.特别值得注意的是AGE的遗传趋势迅速下降，表明通过选择性育种提高了猪的生长速度。因此,我们认为，一些具有挑战性的选择性状可以受益于性状之间的遗传相关性。通过选择容易测量的特征，它们可以从协同选择效应中获益，导致遗传进步。进行群体遗传参数分析可以帮助我们制定育种策略。
