Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer (BC) patients commonly face stress that causes severe psychological and physiological problems. The main objective of the review was to confirm the effect of interventions on breast cancer patients\' perceived stress, and the secondary objective was to explore the impact of interventions on anxiety, depression, and inflammatory markers.
METHODS: A systematic and comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported interventions\' effects on perceived stress in breast cancer patients was performed in nine databases.
RESULTS: Twenty-four RCTs, including 1887 participants, met the inclusion criteria, summarizing six categories for the intervention group: mindfulness and yoga, exercise, cognitive-behavioral stress management, self-regulation, relaxation training, and acupuncture. Compared with usual care or other types of care, mindfulness and yoga had excellent effects against perceived stress, anxiety, and depression; self-regulation could reduce perceived stress and anxiety; exercise could reduce perceived stress; acupuncture could reduce the level of depression; mindfulness could improve the TNF-α level, and yoga can reduce the level of salivary cortisol and DNA damage.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review indicated that nondrug interventions, such as mindfulness and yoga, effectively reduce perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Rigorous studies with large sample sizes are needed to address the limitations of small sample sizes and shortcomings in methodology in this area.
METHODS: A systematic and comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported interventions\' effects on perceived stress in breast cancer patients was performed in nine databases.
RESULTS: Twenty-four RCTs, including 1887 participants, met the inclusion criteria, summarizing six categories for the intervention group: mindfulness and yoga, exercise, cognitive-behavioral stress management, self-regulation, relaxation training, and acupuncture. Compared with usual care or other types of care, mindfulness and yoga had excellent effects against perceived stress, anxiety, and depression; self-regulation could reduce perceived stress and anxiety; exercise could reduce perceived stress; acupuncture could reduce the level of depression; mindfulness could improve the TNF-α level, and yoga can reduce the level of salivary cortisol and DNA damage.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review indicated that nondrug interventions, such as mindfulness and yoga, effectively reduce perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Rigorous studies with large sample sizes are needed to address the limitations of small sample sizes and shortcomings in methodology in this area.
摘要：
目的：乳腺癌（BC）患者通常面临压力，导致严重的心理和生理问题。该综述的主要目的是确认干预措施对乳腺癌患者感知压力的影响，次要目标是探索干预措施对焦虑的影响，抑郁症,和炎症标志物。
方法：在9个数据库中对报道干预措施对乳腺癌患者感知压力的影响的随机对照试验（RCT）进行了系统而全面的搜索。
结果：二十四个RCT，包括1887名参与者，符合纳入标准，总结干预组的六个类别：正念和瑜伽，锻炼,认知行为压力管理，自我调节,放松训练,和针灸。与常规护理或其他类型的护理相比，正念和瑜伽对感知压力有很好的效果，焦虑,和抑郁;自我调节可以减少感知压力和焦虑;运动可以减少感知压力;针刺可以降低抑郁水平;正念可以提高TNF-α水平。瑜伽可以减少唾液皮质醇和DNA损伤的水平。
结论：本系统评价表明，非药物干预，比如正念和瑜伽，有效地减少感知压力，焦虑,和抑郁症。需要进行大样本量的严格研究，以解决小样本量的局限性和该领域方法的缺点。
方法：在9个数据库中对报道干预措施对乳腺癌患者感知压力的影响的随机对照试验（RCT）进行了系统而全面的搜索。
结果：二十四个RCT，包括1887名参与者，符合纳入标准，总结干预组的六个类别：正念和瑜伽，锻炼,认知行为压力管理，自我调节,放松训练,和针灸。与常规护理或其他类型的护理相比，正念和瑜伽对感知压力有很好的效果，焦虑,和抑郁;自我调节可以减少感知压力和焦虑;运动可以减少感知压力;针刺可以降低抑郁水平;正念可以提高TNF-α水平。瑜伽可以减少唾液皮质醇和DNA损伤的水平。
结论：本系统评价表明，非药物干预，比如正念和瑜伽，有效地减少感知压力，焦虑,和抑郁症。需要进行大样本量的严格研究，以解决小样本量的局限性和该领域方法的缺点。
