Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The 21st Century Cures Act\'s information blocking provision mandates that patients have immediate access to their electronic health information, including radiology reports. We evaluated public opinions surrounding this policy on X, a microblogging platform with over 400 million users.
METHODS: We retrieved 27,522 posts related to radiology reports from October 5, 2020, through October 4, 2021. One reviewer performed initial screening for relevant posts. Two reviewers categorized user type and post theme(s) using a predefined coding system. Posts were grouped as \"pre-Cures\" (6 months before information blocking) and \"post-Cures\" (6 months after). Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were performed.
RESULTS: Among 1,155 final posts, 1,028 unique users were identified (64% patients, 11% non-radiologist physicians, 4% radiologists). X activity increased, with 40% (n = 462) pre-Cures and 60% (n = 693) post-Cures. Early result notification before referring providers was the only theme that significantly increased post-Cures (+3%, P = .001). Common negative themes were frustration (33%), anxiety (27%), and delay (20%). Common positive themes were gratitude for radiologists (52%) and autonomy (21%). Of posts expressing opinions on early access, 84% favored and 16% opposed it, with decreased preference between study periods (P = .006). More patients than physicians preferred early access (92% versus 40%, P < .0001).
CONCLUSIONS: X activity increased after the information blocking provision, partly due to conversation about early notification. Despite negative experiences with reports, most users preferred early access. Although the Cures Act is a positive step toward open access, work remains to improve patients\' engagement with their radiology results.
METHODS: We retrieved 27,522 posts related to radiology reports from October 5, 2020, through October 4, 2021. One reviewer performed initial screening for relevant posts. Two reviewers categorized user type and post theme(s) using a predefined coding system. Posts were grouped as \"pre-Cures\" (6 months before information blocking) and \"post-Cures\" (6 months after). Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were performed.
RESULTS: Among 1,155 final posts, 1,028 unique users were identified (64% patients, 11% non-radiologist physicians, 4% radiologists). X activity increased, with 40% (n = 462) pre-Cures and 60% (n = 693) post-Cures. Early result notification before referring providers was the only theme that significantly increased post-Cures (+3%, P = .001). Common negative themes were frustration (33%), anxiety (27%), and delay (20%). Common positive themes were gratitude for radiologists (52%) and autonomy (21%). Of posts expressing opinions on early access, 84% favored and 16% opposed it, with decreased preference between study periods (P = .006). More patients than physicians preferred early access (92% versus 40%, P < .0001).
CONCLUSIONS: X activity increased after the information blocking provision, partly due to conversation about early notification. Despite negative experiences with reports, most users preferred early access. Although the Cures Act is a positive step toward open access, work remains to improve patients\' engagement with their radiology results.
摘要：
目的：《21世纪治愈法案》的信息屏蔽条款要求患者可以立即获取其电子健康信息，包括放射学报告.我们在X上评估了围绕这项政策的公众意见，拥有超过4亿用户的微博平台。
方法：我们从2020年10月5日至2021年10月4日检索了27,522个与放射学报告相关的帖子。一名审查人员对相关职位进行了初步筛选。两个审阅者使用预定义的编码系统对用户类型和发布主题进行分类。帖子分为“治愈前”（信息阻止前6个月）和“治愈后”（后6个月）。进行描述性统计和χ2检验。
结果：在1,155个最终帖子中，确定了1,028个独特用户(64%的患者，11%的非放射科医师,4%的放射科医师)。X活性增加，40％（n=462）治愈前和60％（n=693）治愈后。转诊提供者之前的早期结果通知是唯一显着增加治愈后的主题（+3％，P=.001)。常见的负面主题是沮丧(33%)，焦虑（27%），延迟（20%）。常见的积极主题是对放射科医生的感激（52％）和自主性（21％）。在对早期访问发表意见的帖子中，84%的人赞成，16%的人反对，研究期间的偏好降低（P=.006）。更多的患者比医生更喜欢早期访问(92%对40%，P<.0001)。
结论：信息封锁提供后，X活动增加，部分原因是关于提前通知的谈话。尽管有负面的报道经历，大多数用户首选早期访问。尽管《治愈法》是朝着开放获取迈出的积极一步，工作仍然是提高患者对放射学结果的参与度。
方法：我们从2020年10月5日至2021年10月4日检索了27,522个与放射学报告相关的帖子。一名审查人员对相关职位进行了初步筛选。两个审阅者使用预定义的编码系统对用户类型和发布主题进行分类。帖子分为“治愈前”（信息阻止前6个月）和“治愈后”（后6个月）。进行描述性统计和χ2检验。
结果：在1,155个最终帖子中，确定了1,028个独特用户(64%的患者，11%的非放射科医师,4%的放射科医师)。X活性增加，40％（n=462）治愈前和60％（n=693）治愈后。转诊提供者之前的早期结果通知是唯一显着增加治愈后的主题（+3％，P=.001)。常见的负面主题是沮丧(33%)，焦虑（27%），延迟（20%）。常见的积极主题是对放射科医生的感激（52％）和自主性（21％）。在对早期访问发表意见的帖子中，84%的人赞成，16%的人反对，研究期间的偏好降低（P=.006）。更多的患者比医生更喜欢早期访问(92%对40%，P<.0001)。
结论：信息封锁提供后，X活动增加，部分原因是关于提前通知的谈话。尽管有负面的报道经历，大多数用户首选早期访问。尽管《治愈法》是朝着开放获取迈出的积极一步，工作仍然是提高患者对放射学结果的参与度。
